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Background:The mother-child relationship quality (MCRQ) may represent a transgenerational transmission mechanism of mental health problems. In this context, we examine the mother's recalled parental rearing behavior, actual attributions of her child's behavior, and her current psychopathology.Method: A clinical sample of mother-child dyads was assessed with the Questionnaire for the Assessment of Recalled Parental Rearing Behavior, the Parent Cognition Scale, and the Symptom Checklist at the Child Psychiatric Family Day Hospital for preschool children in Münster, Germany, at admission. MCRQ was assessed with the Parent-Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale, a structured interview with the child (Strukturiertes Interview zur Erfassung der Kind-Eltern-Interaktion), and the Multiperspective Parent-Child Relationship Questionnaire.Results: Multiple regression analyses showed no direct association between the mother's recalled parental rearing behavior and any measure of the MCRQ. However, maternal dysfunctional attributions about her child's behavior and her actual psychopathology showed the expected negative associations with the multiperspective measures of MCRQ. The relationship quality assessments did not correlate significantly with each other. Conclusion:The divergent measures of MCRQ, which seem to assess different aspects, are a barrier to investigate the association between the mother's recalled parental rearing behavior and MCRQ. However, low MCRQ is associated with increased maternal psychopathology and maternal dysfunctional attributions on child behavior. K E Y W O R D Smaternal attributions, maternal psychopathology, mother-child interaction, mother-child relationship, recalled parental rearing behaviorThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. RESUMENTrasfondo: La calidad de la relación madre-niño (MCRQ) pudiera representar un mecanismo de transmisión de problemas de salud mental a través de generaciones. En este contexto, examinamos la conducta de crianza de sus padres tal como la recordaba la madre, las presentes atribuciones de la conducta de su niño, así como su actual sicopatología.Método: Un grupo muestra de díadas madre-niño fue evaluado con el Cuestionario para la Evaluación de la Recordada Conducta de Crianza de los Padres, la Escala de Cognición del Progenitor, así como la Lista de Verificación de Síntomas durante el Día-Hospital Familiar Psiquiátrico para Niños con niños prescolares en BLINDED, Alemania, al momento de la admisión. Se evaluó MCRQ con la Escala de Evaluación Global de la Relación Progenitor-Infante, una entrevista estructurada con el niño (Entrevista Estructurada para Captar la Interacción entre Progenitores y Niño) y el Cuestionario de Perspectivas Múltiples de la Relación Progenitor-Niño.Resultados: Los análisis de regresión múltiple...