RESUMOOs efeitos de diferentes tensões de água no solo aplicadas em dois estádios fenológicos da cultura da berinjela (Solanum melongena L.) foram avaliados por meio de dois experimentos, ambos conduzidos em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com 5 tratamentos e 6 repetições. Os tratamentos se constituíram de 5 diferentes tensões de água no solo: 15, 30, 45, 60 e 80 kPa. Os resultados permitiram concluir que efeitos significativos foram encontrados para todas as variáveis analisadas apenas quando os tratamentos foram aplicados na fase de formação de frutos/colheita, demonstrando que esta fase é mais sensível à escassez de água no solo, prejudicando o desenvolvimento da cultura; obtiveram-se maiores produções com irrigação realizada sob a tensão de 15 kPa. Palavras-chave: manejo de irrigação, hortaliças, produtividade, Solanum melongena L.Vegetative growth and yield of eggplant under different soil water tensions ABSTRACTEffects of different water tensions in soil applied in two phenological stages in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) crop were evaluated in two experiments, both carried out in a totally randomized experimental design with 5 treatments and 6 repetitions. The treatments consisted of 5 different soil water tensions: 15, 30, 45, 60 and 80 kPa. The results showed significant efects on all the analysed variables only when treatments were applied in the fruit formation/harvest phase, showing that this phase is more sensitive to soil water tensions and which damages crop development. The best yields were obtained with irrigation carried out under 15 kPa tension.
Effects of different levels of water deficit applied during rapeseed crop development were assessed in a trial with metallic pots in greenhouse at the Department of Agricultural Engineering of Kassel University, Witzenhausen, Germany. A randomized block design was used with one cultivar (Ability Summer Rape) and three levels of water deficit (0, 30, and 60% of evapotranspiration) in three treatments and 20 replicates. Irrigation management was carried out through daily water balance, where ET = I - D; ET: evapotranspiration; I: irrigation; and D: drainage. The following evaluations were carried out weekly: stem diameter (mm); plant height (cm); number of leaves; number of branches and number of pods. At the end of the experiment, assessed total green matter (g plant-1), total dry matter (g plant-1), grain yield (g plant-1), grain protein content (%) and grain oil content (%) were also assessed. Data were submitted to variance analysis and the effect of the treatments was assessed by regression analysis. Results showed significant differences between the treatments in all analysed variables except for plant height and grain protein content, by test F at 5% probability. Factor of response ky, indicator of crop sensitivity to water deficit, was lower than one for all assessed variables. Grain yield showed the highest sensitivity to water deficit.
Diferentes lâminas de irrigação foram aplicadas durante o desenvolvimento da berinjela (Solanum melongena L.) com o objetivo de estabelecer estratégias ótimas de irrigação para a cultura, considerando diferentes valores para o preço do produto e custos da energia elétrica. Foi realizado um experimento com delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com 5 tratamentos e 6 repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de 5 diferentes lâminas de irrigação, 50, 75, 100, 125 e 150% da lâmina de reposição de água até a condição de capacidade de campo. Os resultados demonstraram diferenças significativas para todas as variáveis analisadas, diâmetro do caule, altura das plantas e produtividade. A produção total (kg.planta-1) apresentou uma resposta quadrática aos tratamentos e o custo uma função linear. O tratamento que promoveu a maior produtividade foi o de 229 litros.planta-1 e o tratamento que promoveu o maior retorno econômico foi o de 227 litros.planta-1. Por fim, concluiu-se que de acordo com condições analisadas, as irrigações podem ser realizadas para atingir a produtividade máxima da cultura e que variação na relação de preços (Pw/Py), não influenciou proporcionalmente a lâmina recomendada para a obtenção da máxima eficiência econômica. UNITERMOS: manejo de irrigação, berinjela, produtividade BILIBIO, C.; CARVALHO, J. de A.; MARTINS, M.; REZENDE, F. C.; FREITAS, W. A. de F.; GOMES, L. A. A. IRRIGATED EGGPLANT CROP FUNCTION IN PROTECTED ENVIRONMENT 2 ABSTRACT Different irrigation depths were applied during eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) development in order to establish optimum crop irrigation strategies, considering different values for product price and energy costs. The experiment was carried out in a totally random experimental design with 5 treatments and 6 replications. The treatments consisted of 5 different irrigation depths: 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of the water replacement depths until field capacity condition. The results showed significant differences for all the analyzed variables: stem diameter, plant height, and yield. The total crop (kg.plant-1) showed a square response to the treatments, whereas the cost showed a linear function; the treatment of 229 liters per plant showed the highest yield, whereas the treatment of 227 liters per plant provided the highest investment turnover. Finally, we concluded that, according to the analyzed conditions, irrigations may be carried out in order to reach the maximum crop yield; also, the variation in price relationship (Pw/Py) did not proportionally affect the depth recommended to obtain the maximum economic efficiency. KEYWORDS: irrigation management, yield, energy costs
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