The aim of the study was to quantify and compare, morphologically, the mucus and inflammatory infiltrate in rats exposed to cigarette smoke, alcohol and both agents, including physical exercise. Forty male Wistar rats were used, randomly divided into four groups. Control animals performed physical exercises. The other animals were exposed to cigarette smoke, alcohol intake and physical training, according to the respective group. The lungs of the animals were collected to assess the findings. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding the assessment of the airway perimeter and the amount of inflammatory cells in the animals' airways. It was concluded that there was no influence of physical exercise on the production of mucus and inflammatory infiltrate in rats exposed to alcohol and cigarette smoke. Thus, it is suggested to carry out further studies in order to elucidate the results.