The objective of this study was to carry out phytochemical analysis of the bark extract of Casearia javitensis and to evaluate its antipromastigote activity against Leishmania amazonensis. The ethanol extract (EE) was fractionated in open-column chromatography to obtain the hexane (FrHex), dichloromethane (FrDcm), ethyl acetate (FrAcOET) and methanol (FrMeOH) fractions. The EE and its fractions were analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC). FrDcm was analyzed in high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). The antipromastigote assay of Leishmania amazonensis and the cytotoxicity test against the acute monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were performed by the MTT colorimetric assay. The phytochemical profile in TLC detected terpenes in all samples. However, in the ultraviolet spectrum (HPLC-DAD) for FrDcm suggested the presence of a phenolic compound. FrHex and FrDcm showed antipromastigote activity (IC50 = 116.6 ± 0.9 and 59.4 ± 1.1 μg mL-1, respectively) and low cytotoxicity (CC50 = 333.4 ± 3.2 and 241.2 ± 1.9 μg mL-1, respectively). The selectivity index for FrDcm was 4.1. We conclude that the FrDcm of C. javitensis has potantial as a leishmanicide, and this activity may be related to the presence of phenolic compound.
RESUMOA Hipertermia Maligna (HM) é uma patologia potencialmente fatal que caracteriza-se pela resposta metabólica exacerbada frente a um anestésico inalatório como, por exemplo, halotano, isoflurano e sevoflurano e/ou a um determinado bloqueador neuromuscular denominado succinilcolina. Sua ocorrência é relativamente rara, afetando cerca de uma em cada 40.000 anestesias realizadas, sendo mais comum em crianças, que é aproximadamente uma para cada 10.000 anestesias. Além disso, para que uma pessoa apresente a HM é necessário ter uma herança genética autossômica dominante. O quadro clínico apresentado pelo paciente decorre de sintomas frequentes no hipermetabolismo como hipertermia (acima de 40ºC), taquicardia, taquipneia, sudorese, rigidez muscular localizada. O diagnóstico é, basicamente, feito a partir do quadro clínico apresentado pelo paciente, mas alguns exames laboratoriais podem auxiliar, como gasometria arterial e eletrólitos. A partir de uma boa anamnese é possível saber os antecedentes pessoais e saber a suscetibilidade do paciente pré anestesia. O tratamento consiste na suspensão
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