The new concept of inequality trap, has recently appeared in the economic development literature. This phenomenon is due to the persistence of the poor initial conditions, in the presence of both market and institutional imperfections. The aim of this paper is to test the validity of this concept. The Generalized Method of Moments estimation is used to study the inequalities reproduction and the lagged impact of gender, political and economic liberties on inequality. The results proves the existence of such traps and underline the significant influence of the credit market, wealth and education access initial levels over a generation. Email: carolinedaymon@hotmail.com (corresponding author), celinegimet@free.frWe are grateful to Pr James K. Galbraith for providing us the UTIP-UNIDO database, and to Charles Laï Tong for his precious help.