ABSTRACT

A B S T R A C TThis paper estimates the exhaust gases emissions from ships in the international marine traffic in the port of Zadar. The emission results refer to the pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NO x ), sulphur oxides (SO x ), particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOC) and greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). The methodology that has been applied, so called "bottom-up" approach, uses detailed data on ship's characteristics (engine power, the load factor, fuel type, the emission factor) and time spent cruising and hotelling. The estimated inventory for the port of Zadar includes overall marine traffic from the passenger and cargo terminals. The exhaust gases emissions have been divided into three ship's activities: cruising in the reduce speed zone, hotelling (at berth) and manoeuvring. The results (tons/year) have shown that approximately 80% of total emissions come from passenger ships and 20% from cargo ships.

The port systems have been identified as major energy consumers. They represent the systems that have difficulty in the adaption of innovative solutions with regard to energy savings and energy efficiency. The most of port systems are using the outdated technology for the measurement of energy consumption and because of the mentioned facts they do not contribute to energy efficiency, environmental protection and sustainable development. On the contrary, seaports are one of the main drivers of the pressure on the environment, especially because of the fact that most of the seaports and terminals are located close to the urban areas (city areas). This paper presents the proposals relevant for the transformation of seaports into environmental friendly ports, based on the “GREEN PORT” DEVELOPMENT project proposal, which is submitted by the Intermodal Transport Cluster (Croatia), on Adriatic-Ionian Programme INTERREG V-B Transnational 2014-2020. Some proposals require advanced technology and resources, while others, such as, thimplementation of the so called model of “Green Port” development do not require any special skills. These proposals represent a small contribution to the great effort to energy efficiency, environment protection and sustainable development.

This port service quality study is an important precondition for an efficient development of port industry and traffic system as a whole. It is due to the complexity of any port, as a system consisting of a large number of stakeholders rendering services to customers with various requirements, that a unique set of port service quality indices has been still missing. For this reason, the paper explains the port service quality concept in compliance with stakeholders and their requirements within the context of port service quality. The aim of the paper is to present a proposal for a customer-based port service quality model based on empirical study and its reliability testing on a selected sample. The proposed model is defined by five factors and fits satisfactorily into the obtained poll questionnaire results. The statistical data processing package SPSS 16.0 and the LISREL 8.54 programme were used in the study. KEY WORDS: port service, customer, model, factor analysis

Preliminary notesIn order to determine seaports value on a particular geographic area, the research of ports is mainly focused on the performance measurement in accordance with the volume of traffic and productivity on a global scale. As links in the transport and logistics chain, ports are continuously adapting to the demands of customers in international trade to achieve an adequate level of competitiveness. It is necessary and indispensable for the ports of Trieste, Koper and Rijeka to cooperate and join their efforts regarding joint competition with the north-west European and the Black Sea ports. The major objective is to determine which one among the three observed North Adriatic ports, is the most competitive transit port for the selected points of destination in the hinterland, taking into consideration multiple types of cargo. In order to achieve the set objective, in this paper the collective competitiveness index is proposed. Keywords: competitiveness; competitiveness index; North Adriatic ports; transportation route Model određivanja konkurentnosti luka i prometnih pravacaPrethodno priopćenje Istraživanja luka radi utvrđivanja njihove važnosti na pojedinom geografskom području uglavnom su usmjerena na mjerenje performansi u skladu s veličinom prometa i produktivnosti u svjetskim razmjerima. Kao karike u prometnom i logističkom lancu, luke se kontinuirano prilagođavaju zahtjevima korisnika u međunarodnoj robnoj razmjeni radi dostizanja adekvatnog stupnja konkurentnosti. Suradnja luka Trst, Kopar i Rijeka potreba je i nužnost kako bi te luke udruženim snagama zajednički mogle konkurirati sjeverozapadnim europskim i crnomorskim