The ratio of flap necrosis area tended to be lower in the groups receiving oral PDE5 inhibitors than in the control group, although not statistically significant. The role of PDE5 inhibitors needs to be evaluated in larger studies before a conclusion can be made regarding their effects on flap viability.

Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury negatively affects the outcome of surgical interventions for amputated or severely traumatized extremities. This study aimed to evaluate the protective role of l-carnitine on the contractile properties of fast-twitch (extensor digitorum longus [EDL]) and slow-twitch (soleus [SOL]) skeletal muscles following I/R-induced injury in a rat model. Rats were divided into 4 groups (1) saline pretreatment, (2) l-carnitine pretreatment, (3) saline pretreatment and I/R, and (4) l-carnitine pretreatment and I/R. Twitch and tetanic contractions in the EDL and SOL muscles in each group were recorded. Additionally, a fatigue protocol was performed in these muscles. Twitch and tetanic contraction amplitudes were lower in the EDL and SOL muscles in which I/R was induced (P < .01). l-Carnitine pretreatment significantly increased tetanic contraction amplitude in the SOL muscles following I/R (P < .01) but not in the EDL muscles. l-Carnitine pretreatment did not alter the fatigue response in any of the muscles.

Cutaneous endometriosis Cutaneous endometriosis Endometriose cutânea ABSTRACT Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. This disease is commonly observed in women, particularly those of reproductive age. The pelvis is the most common location for endometriosis. On the other hand, extrapelvic endometriosis, which is less common, is more difficult to diagnose because of the extreme differences in its presentation. In this article, we describe our experience of a case of endometriosis in an abdominal wall scar.

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