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Premature Ejaculation (PE) is considered the most common sexual dysfunction that affects approximately 15%-30% of men over the age of 18. (Laumann et al., 1999). According to the definition of PE made by the International Society of Sexual Medicine (ISSM) in 2014, lifelong PE (a) ejaculation is always or almost always within 1 min before vaginal penetration or after vaginal penetration, (b) inability to delay ejaculation and (c) this situation creates frustration, bother, mental distress and sexual avoidance problems in the individual (Serefoglu et al., 2014). Acquired PE (APE) is separated from lifelong PE with the onset of the PE complaint in individuals with previous normal ejaculation performance and the ejaculation within approximately 3 min (Serefoglu et al., 2014). Despite its high prevalence, controversies about the definition, classification and hence treatment of PE still continue (Saitz & Serefoglu, 2015). All organs that function in the body need oxygen and a proper blood flow to achieve function. Many studies have determined that hypoxia, ischaemia and oxidative stress caused by arterial obstructive diseases such as atherosclerosis are among the factors affecting male sexual dysfunction (Bolat et al., 2017; Thompson et al., 2005). While disorders in serotonin biosynthesis play a role in lifelong PE, many factors are observed in APE aetiology. (Culha, Tuken et al., 2020). Gao et al. (2013) stated that patients suffering from PE suffer from comorbidity such as chronic prostatitis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular (CV) diseases and

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Objective: Growing evidence shows that oxidative stress plays an important role in the development and progression of nephrotic syndrome (NS). In this study, we aimed to examine serum IMA levels as an indicator of oxidative stress in children with steroid-sensitive NS (SSNS) in remission and relapse. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Pediatric Nephrology Unit of Sanliurfa Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey, from April 2019 to December 2019. In this study Serum IMA and albumin levels were determined in 70 children with SSNS and 45 healthy controls. Among the children with SSNS, 50 were in remission and 20 were in relapse. Then, adjusted IMA levels were calculated from the IMA/albumin ratio. Results: IMA and adjusted IMA levels significantly increased and albumin significantly decreased in children with SSNS in relapse and remission compared with those of the healthy controls. Moreover, these alterations were more prominent in the relapse group than in the remission group. IMA was inversely correlated with albumin in children with SSNS (r= −0.881, p= <0.001). Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that elevated IMA and adjusted IMA levels observed in patients with SSNS were associated with increased oxidative stress and could indirectly reflect the degree of oxidative damage in glomerular structures. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2924 How to cite this:Cakirca G, Guzelcicek A, Yilmaz K, Nas C. Increased ischemia-modified albumin levels in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2924 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.