Amasya is the greatest onion producing area in Turkey. Onion fields from Amasya region were surveyed for virus diseases in 2009-2011 and tested for the presence of the most important onion viruses such as Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV), Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV), Leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV), Shallot latent virus (SLV) and Garlic common latent virus (GCLV). The presence of virus diseases and their identification was ascertained through symptom observation in the fields, sap transmission to hosts, and DAS-ELISA. Based on the ELSA results, 57 out of 332 samples (17.16 %) were infected with viruses. The results showed that the highest infection was caused by OYDV (12.33 %) followed by LYSV (3.60 %). Only 1.19 % of the samples were infected with SLV, but none of the samples were found to be infected for GCLV and IYSV.

Özet: Tospovirüsler, Bunyaviridae familyası Tospovirus cinsi içerisinde yer almaktadırlar. Tospovirüsler, Thysanoptera takımı Thripidae familyası içerisinde yer alan trips türleri ile persistent olarak taşınmaktadır ve dünya çapında ekonomik öneme sahip birçok bitki türünde önemli verim kayıplarına yol açmaktadır. Tospovirus, trips ve konukçu bitki arasındaki spesifik ve kompleks ilişkiler, tospovirüslerin neden olduğu hastalıkların epidemi yapmasına neden olabilmektedir. Bu derlemede, tospovirüslerin tripsler tarafından kazanılması ve taşınması sırasında gerçekleşen biyolojik olaylar ve interaksiyonlar ele alınmış, vektör bünyesine virüsün giriş mekanizması ve virüsün trips tarafından kazanılması, replikasyonu ve taşınması sırasında viral membran glikoproteinlerinin rolleri hakkında bilgiler yer almaktadır.Abstract: Tospoviruses are viruses in the genus Tospovirus which belong to the family Bunyaviridae. Tospoviruses are transmitted in a persistent manner by thrips belonging to the family Thripidae of the order Thysanoptera. Thrips-transmitted tospoviruses cause severe yield losses to several economically important crops worldwide. The complex and specific interplay between thrips, tospoviruses, and plant hosts leads to outbreaks of crop disease epidemics. In this review, we focus on the biological processes and interactions involved in the acquisition and transmission of tospoviruses by their thrips vectors. Here, the mechanism governing tospovirus entry into vector, the role of viral membrane glycoproteins in virus acquisition, replication, and movement through thrips were discussed.