ResumenEl presente artículo analiza el modelado de una red de distribución como un mercado energético, pasando de una estructura monopolística a un escenario con un número creciente de competidores. Para lograr este objetivo se evaluó el escenario de una red que hace la transición de la oferta centralizada a distribuida. Se compararon las características del mercado energético, tales como el precio y la cantidad, considerando la generación distribuida y centralizada, y teniendo en cuenta los crecientes niveles de penetración de las energías renovables. Los resultados mostraron que a medida que aumenta el nivel de penetración, el precio de la energía disminuye, aunque muy lentamente debido a la elasticidad precio-demanda de la energía. Finalmente, se concluye que la estructura del mercado de la energía está cambiando debido a las nuevas tecnologías de generación de energía y generación distribuida. Palabras clave: demanda de energía; generación distribuida; mercados energéticos; micro redes The Influence of Penetration Levels of Distributed Generation in the Energy Markets AbstractThe present paper analyzes the modeling of a distribution network as an energy market, moving from a monopolistic structure to a scenario with an increasing number of competitors. To achieve this objective, the scenario of a network considering the transition from centralized to distributed supply was evaluated.Comparison of the characteristics of the energy market, such as price and quantity, considering the distributed and centralized generation was done, also taking into account the increasing levels of penetration of renewable energies. The results showed that as the level of penetration increases, the price of energy decreases, although very slowly, because of the price-demand elasticity of energy. Finally, it is concluded that the structure of the energy market is changing due to the new technologies of generation of energy and distributed generation.
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