In this study, general Sibjeondaebohwan (G-SDH) and high-temperature aged Sibjeondaebohwan (HTA-SDH) samples were prepared using ten herbal medicinal plants including balloon flower. The nutritional components (five nutrients, fatty acids, and free amino acids), phytochemicals (phenolic acids and flavonols), radical scavenging activities (DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl), digestive enzyme inhibitory activities (α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase), and immune system activation of G-SDH and HTA-SDH were analyzed and compared. The contents of crude ash, fat, and protein, carbohydrate, total fatty acid, and total free amino acid of G-SDH were significantly higher than those of HTA-SDH. The major free amino acids and fatty acids in G-SDH were aspartic acid and oleic acid and those in HTA-SDH were glutamic acid and oleic acid. Compared to G-SDH, higher concentrations of total polyphenols, total flavonoids, Mailliard reaction products, total phenolic acids and total flavonols of HTA-SDH were estimated. After high-temperature aging, the total phenolic and flavonol contents increased from 272.03 to 303.31 μg/g and 310.71 to 372.58 μg/g, respectively. The DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities and the α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and pancreatic lipase inhibition activities in HTA-SDH were 85.65%, 89.93%, and 63.69%, and 61.06%, 34.21%, and 64.89%, respectively, which were considerably higher than those in the G-SDH. In addition, HTA-SDH showed the effect of controlling immune function.