Indica rice varieties are recalcitrant to culture and hence the culture media should be supplemented with additional nutrients to provide energy and osmotic potential for best in vitro response. Combinations of plant growth regulators have profound influence on callus induction and regeneration potential of the selected genotypes. In addition, concentration and choice of gelling agents also have their effect on regeneration of indica rice varieties. Impact of L-Proline, and Casein Hydrolysate on tissue culture response of selected indica rice varieties is discussed and the best choice of gelling agent and their in vitro response is elucidated.

1 attributes in selected rice varieties under osmotic stress 2 Running title: Effect of ABA on rice cultivars under moisture stress 3 All author(s) name(s):

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Successful transgenics require stringent production of large number of successful transgenic events where there is no solution from gene pools of donar varieties. However transgenic technology is a sequential, cumbersome and expensive process. Moreover, it is time consuming, one has to wait for the inheritance of successful transgene into the next generation. Selectable marker genes will play a pivotal role in transient gene confirmation. In the context where the application of herbicide/antibiotic genes as selectable markers is limited; Sugar based selection involving phospho mannose isomerase gene will be helpful in screening of the transformed events. Mannose based selection system is evaluated in indica rice and the optimum selection concentration is standardized. The results, prospects and consequences are discussed.