No abstract

The transformation of traditional energy networks to smart grids revolutionizes the energy industry in terms of reliability, performance, and manageability by providing bidirectional communications to operate, monitor, and control power flow and measurements. However, communication networks in smart grid bring increased connectivity with increased severe security vulnerabilities and challenges. Smart grid can be a prime target for cyber terrorism because of its critical nature. As a result, smart grid security is already getting a lot of attention from governments, energy industries, and consumers. There have been several research efforts for securing smart grid systems in academia, government and industries. This article provides a comprehensive study of challenges in smart grid security, which we concentrate on the problems and proposed solutions. Then, we outline current state of the research and future perspectives. With this article, readers can have a more thorough understanding of smart grid security and the research trends in this topic.

No abstract

No abstract

Traffic accidents and congestion problems continue to worsen worldwide. Because of vast number of vehicles manufactured and sold every year transportation sector is significantly stressed, leading to more accidents and fatalities, and adverse environmental and economic impact. Efforts across the world for Smart Transportation Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) are aimed at addressing a range of problems including reducing traffic accidents, decreasing congestion, reducing fuel consumption, reducing time spent on traffic jams, and improve transportation safety. Thus, smart transportation CPS is expected to contribute a main role in the design and development of intelligent transportation systems. The advances in embedded systems, wireless communications and sensor networks provides the opportunities to bridge the physical components and processes with the cyber world that leading to a Cyber Physical Systems (CPS). Feedback for control through wireless communication in transportation CPS is one of the major components for both safety and infotainment applications where vehicles exchange information using vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) through vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) and/or vehicle-to-roadside (V2R) communications. For wireless communication IEEE has 802.11p standard for Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) for WirelessAccess for Vehicular Environment (WAVE). In this paper, we present how different parameters (e.g., sensing time, association time, number for vehicles, relative speed of vehicles, overlap transmission range, etc.) affect communication in smart transportation CPS. Furthermore, we also present driving components, current trends, challenges, and future directions for transportation CPS.Index Terms -Vehicular networks, transportation cyber physical systems, intelligent transportation systems.