Tropolone is a non-benzenoid aromatic scaffold with unique photophysical and metal-chelating properties. Recently, it has been conjugated with DNA, and the photophysical properties of this conjugate have been explored. Tropolonyl-deoxyuridine (tr-dU) is a synthetic fluorescent DNA nucleoside analogue that exhibits pH-dependent emissions. However, its solvent-dependent fluorescence properties are unexplored owing to its poor solubility in most organic solvents. It would be interesting to incorporate it into DNA primer enzymatically. This report describes the solvent-dependent fluorescence properties of the silyl-derivative, and enzymatic incorporation of its triphosphate analogue. For practical use, its cell-internalization and cytotoxicity are also explored. tr-dU nucleoside was found to be a potential analogue to design DNA probes and can be explored for various therapeutic applications in the future.

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Electric vehicles (EVs) have the main advantage of using sustainable forms of energy to operate and can be integrated into electrical power grids for better energy management. An essential part of the EV propulsion system is the type of motor used to propel the EV. Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) have found extensive use due to various advantages such as high power density, excellent torque-to-weight ratio and smooth speed profile over the entire torque range. The objective of this paper was to improve the dynamic response in the speed profile for different driving conditions essential in EVs. This was done by using the finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) algorithm for PMSM and by comparing and evaluating the control strategies of a PMSM used in an EV by taking two case studies. The classical control, namely field-oriented control (FOC), of PMSMs is slow to adopt the dynamic changes in the system. The proposed FCS-MPC algorithm for PMSMs provides an improved dynamic response and a good steady-state response for the different driving conditions shown in both cases. In addition, the Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP) is used to evaluate the FCS-MPC-controlled PMSM to depict its superior performance by matching its speed profile. The results are verified in the hardware in the loop strategy using OPAL-RT. Both the results confirm that the FCS-MPC algorithm, when compared with the conventional FOC, is superior in aspects of steady-state and dynamic responses for various torque and speed profiles.

This study aims to evaluate the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive performance for various load conditions under steady state and dynamic conditions. Therefore, this paper proposes finite set model-predictive control (FS-MPC) for IPMSM with maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) for electric tractor application. The MTPA control technique is used to obtain maximum torque while maintaining a minimum current constraint. In addition to MTPA control, the MPC scheme is used as the suitable alternative control strategy in the electric tractor application, which eliminates the occurrence of torque ripples during the dynamic speed tracking under variable load conditions. The MPC is used to improve the dynamic response of the motor drive and reduce torque ripples under variable load conditions. MPC–MTPA is developed in the MATLAB/SIMULINK and validated in the real-time environment using the hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulator (OPAL-RT OP5700). The results prove that MPC improves the dynamic performance and MTPA reduces the stator copper loss and increases the drive efficiency.

This report describes the synthesis, characterization and spectroscopic studies of berberine immobilized modified cellulose materials, which could be a promising new biocompatible fluorescence material because berberine is a natural fluorescent molecule having important pharmacological aspects including selective binding with DNA G-quadruplex.