No abstract

To evaluate the feasibility and safety of robotic lateral cervical lymph node dissection via BABA, 260 thyroid cancer patients with suspected level II, III, IV, and V b lymph node metastasis were selected. The lateral cervical compartment was exposed by splitting the sternocleidomastoid muscle longitudinally, and separating between the strap muscles and the anterior margin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The procedure was completed in 260 patients. Mean time for robotic lateral node dissection took 80 ± 21 min. The wound catheter was removed 6.3 days. Postoperative transient symptomatic hypocalcemia was observed in 51 patients, transient hoarseness in three, seroma in three, chyle leakage in two, and tracheal injury in one. 124 patients were confirmed to have lymph node metastasis on final pathological report. Average postoperative hospital stay was 6.5 days. Robotic lateral neck dissection by BABA is the acceptable operative alternative for thyroid cancer patients who wished to keep their surgical history private.

It is well established that neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples, which are almost imperceptible on human vision and can cause the deep models misbehave. Such phenomenon may lead to severely inestimable consequences in the safety and security critical applications. Existing defenses are trend to harden the robustness of models against adversarial attacks, for example, adversarial training technology. However, these are usually intractable to implement due to the high cost of retraining and the cumbersome operations of altering the model architecture or parameters. In this paper, we discuss the saliency map method from the view of enhancing model interpretability, it is similar to introducing the mechanism of the attention to the model, so as to comprehend the progress of object identification by the deep networks. We then propose a novel method combined with additional noises and utilize the inconsistency strategy to detect adversarial examples. Our experimental results of some representative adversarial attacks on common data sets including ImageNet and popular models show that our method can detect all the attacks with high detection success rate effectively. We compare it with the existing state‐of‐the‐art technique, and the experiments indicate that our method is more general.

A visible light‐induced metal‐free atom transfer radical polymerization strategy for the efficient synthesis of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) with predictable molecular weights and low dispersities has been developed. High conversions can be obtained by using commercially available organic dyes as the photocatalysts under mild conditions in a living/controlled manner. Moreover, PAN can be obtained with moderate conversion under the irradiation of sunlight.

Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is one of the most prevalent primary endocrine tumors, and its incidence is steadily and gradually increasing worldwide. Accumulating evidence has revealed the critical functions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the tumorigenesis and development of TC. Many TC-associated lncRNAs have been documented to be implicated in TC malignant behaviors, including abnormal cell proliferation, enhanced stem cell properties and aggressiveness, and resistance to therapeutics, through interaction with proteins, DNA, or RNA or encoding small peptides. Therefore, further elucidating the lncRNA dysregulation sheds additional insights into TC tumorigenesis and progression and opens new avenues for the early diagnosis and clinical therapy of TC. In this review, we summarize the abnormal expression of lncRNA in TC and the fundamental characteristics in TC tumorigenesis and development. Additionally, we introduce the potential prognostic and therapeutic significance of lncRNAs in TC.