Introduction
Of the types of dental trauma, intrusive luxation is considered to have the worst prognosis. When forceful intrusion affects multiple adjacent teeth, orthodontic repositioning may be required; however, orthodontic treatment can be complicated by the development of a cant in the occlusal plane, especially when the affected teeth are not symmetrically located from the midline and corrective forces and anchorage are unbalanced. Designing an appropriate mechanism to overcome this problem is essential.
Case presentation
The present case report describes a 28-year-old male who suffered the traumatic intrusion of multiple teeth, with accompanying alveolar bone fractures, following a road traffic accident. The intruded teeth were repositioned using orthodontic traction, following which, endodontic treatment was performed. After initial alignment, differential curve of Spee mechanics were applied to correct the occlusal plane and an acceptable result was achieved. The overall outcome was maintained at a 24-months review.
Conclusion
This report demonstrates the importance of the early repositioning of intruded teeth to avoid dento-alveolar ankylosis, as well as the use of differential curve of Spee mechanics which provides effective force application in the management of a canted occlusal plane.
A novel designed microwave plasma torch equipment has been setup for synthesizing the nano diamond powder (NDP). In this equipment microwave plasma can be maintained at rather high pressure with high flow rate of gas. The synthesis process has been performed using mixed gas of CH 4 and Ar or N 2 varied with gas flow rate and pressure. The size of synthesized NDP could be controlled from 20 to 50 nm and even bigger to micrometer.
The structure and compositions of NDP have been analyzed by High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and Transmission ElectronEnergy Dispersion Spectroscopy (TED). The electron diffraction patterns yield good quality of crystalline for big NDP and amorphous structure for smaller NDP. Correlated X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy analysis revealed diamond property of NDP.
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