Recent developments in the treatment of HIV-1 have improved the disease prognosis from a terminal disease to a chronic disease. The number of HIV-1-infected patients who require surgery has become more common. The main threat to HIV-1-infected patients following surgery is the development of sepsis. In this study, we collected a large number of clinical recordings of HIV-1-infected patients from two hospitals in China, specializing in HIV-1 treatment in order to summarize the risk indicators of sepsis in HIV-1-infected patients. We compared the significant risk indicators between the sepsis and non-sepsis groups. Using logistic regression based on the indicators of four separate surgery-based diseases, we generally found that low CD4 and hypoalbuminemia counts prior to surgery were the significant risk factors for developing sepsis. The morbidity of sepsis in trauma patients was approximately 10 times higher than the dysfunction group, whereas the tumor and the infection groups were approximately 1.5 and 2 times higher, respectively. Based on the comparison between the sepsis and non-sepsis groups for each surgery-based disease, we found that the severity of trauma is a critical risk factor for trauma patients; therefore, limiting the size of the wound during surgery is crucial. HIV-1-infected patients often develop postoperative sepsis due to immunodeficiency and complications due to the surgery. We hope that this study can help to reduce the risk of developing sepsis due to surgery and improve the survival rate of HIV-1-infected patients.

A new ecological substrate is proposed to achieve a desired electric conduction and heating to protect the slope plants from freeze injury. Expanded polystyrene (EPS), cement, carbon fiber, graphite, and raw soil are the main components of the ecological substrate. The electrical conductivity, heating efficiency, thermo-sensitivity, and heat preservation of the substrate are experimentally investigated. The result shows that the addition of carbon fiber could significantly decrease resistivity of substrate, but the effect of fiber content exceeding 3% on the resistivity of substrate becomes insignificant. Conductive fine materials (i.e., carbon fiber and graphite powder) covering the surface of EPS would result in a significant reduction of the global resistivity of non-dry substrate, but it could only slightly affect the counterpart of the completely dry substrates. The substrate could hardly be formed when the EPS content exceeds 4%. As EPS content increases, the contact surface decreases and the resistivity of the substrate increases. The peak temperature at 30 min of substrate without root is higher than that of substrate with plant roots. Nevertheless, the temperature alteration ratio below 40 • C of substrate with plant root is nearly the same as its counterpart in the substrate without roots. The resistance of the substrate with plant roots increases with the temperature. The resistance of rootless substrate decreases by the heat action of the loosely bound water. EPS particles improve the heat preservation performance of substrate, but the heat preservation performance of substrate degrades with the growth of plants.roots grow, it would provide anchoring into bedrock or stable soil layers, which would be further favorable for the slope stability [12][13][14].Due to the high production efficiency, soil-spraying technology, which was first developed by Japanese scholars [15], has been widely used in vegetation engineering for slope restoration. Nevertheless, it was reported that it is difficult to facilitate vegetation on the steep slopes [16]. To address this issue, various researchers [17] attempted to spray the ecological substrates on the slope surface for the slope restoration. The ingredients of the ecological substrate are usually composed of fibers, loam, cement, and a pH-adjusting agent, etc. literature [18] indicated that the ecological substrate can greatly promote the plants' growth, thereby effectively restoring the slope. However, it has been reported that the young plants for slope protection, such as cynodondactylon and zoysiagrass, would stop growing and be fatal to the cold weather, especially when it encounters continuous snow in the winter [19,20]. However, to date, little attention has been paid to the functionality of ecological substrate in protecting the plant growth in extremely cold weather, in contrast to the studies on the vegetative properties of ecological substrate [21,22].Therefore, the current work aims to propose a new type of ecological substrate with the capability of pro...

Enhancing research indicatedthat circular RNA (circRNA) acted a critical part in cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) development. This research aims to discover the role of circRNA SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 5 (SMARCA5) in CHOL bio-progression, which has been proved to be downregulated in CHOL tissues. In this study, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to reveal the level and linkage of circRNA SMARCA5, miRNA-95-3p and TNF receptor-associated factor 3 gene (TRAF3) in CHOL tissues and cancer cells. The target sites of circRNA SMARCA5 and miRNA-95-3p were forecast by Starbase, and Targetscan was conducted to forecast the potential linkage points of TRAF3 and miRNA-95-3p, and which is affirmed by double luciferase reporter assay. CCK-8 and flow cytometry assay was carried to indicate cell viability. And apoptosis-related protein was counted by caspase3 activity and Western blot assay. CircRNA SMARCA5 was downregulated in CHOL cell lines and cancer samples. Besides, over-expression of SMARCA5 inhibited cell growth and promoted apoptotic rate. Dual-luciferase reporter assays presented that miRNA-95-3p could link with circRNA SMARCA5. Moreover, miRNA-95-3p was discovered highly expressed in CHOL. Interference of miRNA-95-3p repressed cell proliferation and raised the apoptosis. Importantly, TRAF3 was validated to be a downstream of miRNA-95-3p. Strengthen of miRNA-95-3p reversed the inhibitory impact of circRNA SMARCA5-plasmid transfection, and the results of miRNA-95-3p inhibitor were reversed by si-TRAF3. CircRNA SMARCA5 is involved in CHOL development by interosculating miRNA-95-3p/TRAF3 axis and may become a novel approach for treating CHOL.

Dry-sprayed ecological slope protection technology is an effective mean to restore the ecological environment of rock slope, which has been continuously studied and improved by scholars since its advent. Based on the existing research, a new type of dry-sprayed ecological substrate with carbon fiber and expanded polystyrene (EPS) particles was proposed to achieve lightweight and conductive heating. The ingredients of the ecological substrate are EPS, cement, carbon fiber, graphite powder, soil, water-retaining agent, and pH adjusting agent, respectively. In order to investigate the ecological performance and the physical properties of the substrate, the growth rule of Zoysiagrass was investigated by pot experiment and orthogonal range analysis, and the density and conductivity of the substrate were tested. The result shows that proper EPS particles in the substrate can improve soil structure and promote plant growth, and they play a similar role as soil conditioner. However, when the content of EPS particles exceeds 4%, the substrate is difficult to solidify by cement, which will lead to disintegration. EPS is the main factor affecting the germination and growth of plants, followed by cement, while carbon fiber and graphite powder content effect less. The optimum proportion for plant growth is EPS particle 4%, cement 2.5%, carbon fiber 1%, graphite powder 10%, pH adjusting agent 2.5%, and water retaining agent 0.1%. EPS particles can effectively reduce the density of the substrate and thus reduce weight. The average conductivity of the substrate specimens is 384 Ω·cm, which has great conductivity.