No abstract

While cardiac surgery has well evolved in the recent decades, endoscopic access to the heart is yet involving pleura opening and transcatheter procedures are still implying X-rays use. Here I introduce a novel minimally-invasive approach based on a sternal trepanation with extrapleural intercostal port(s). This allows a totally endoscopic access to the cardiac cavity without pleura opening. Besides, using this approach with live computer simulation, transcatheter procedures will be exclusively monitored by transesophageal echocardiography without X-rays need. Thus, current indications and practices in both cardiac surgery and interventional cardiology may be affected. Until effectiveness confirmation by experiments which are still in progress, a theoretical description of this innovative technique and its potential applications is detailed in this paper.

Actual systems of prevention and treatment of new emerging airborne germs seem to be ineffective as shown with the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic. Here I present a novel concept allowing to develop specific immunity when being exposed without even getting infected. I concretize this concept in a facial device whose composition, way of use, and potential interests are detailed in this paper.