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The present study shows that low serum magnesium levels in children and adolescents with T1DM are associated with an increased risk of poor glycemic control, potentially contributing to the early development of cardiovascular complications.

As the overall clinical outcome of CF patients is related to the nutritional status and body weight, the role of ghrelin and leptin in these patients needs to be elucidated.

ObJEctIVE: Ghrelin and leptin levels are influenced by body fat (bF%), pubertal stage and possibly insulin resistance (Ir). the aim of our study was: 1) to compare fasting ghrelin and leptin levels between obese and non-obese, adolescents, 2) to investigate possible correlations of these hormones with bF %, as well as Ir. DEsIGN: twenty obese insulin resistant (Ir) adolescents, twenty obese non Ir (NIr) and fifteen healthy non-obese, age-matched adolescents were studied. In all participants, height, weight, body mass index (bMI) and bF % were measured. Fasting glucose, insulin, ghrelin and leptin levels were determined. Ir was assessed using HOMA-Ir index. rEsuLts: bMI, bF %, insulin and HOMA-Ir values were positively correlated with leptin and negatively with ghrelin levels. A negative correlation between circulating leptin and ghrelin levels was found. A suggestive positive correlation between leptin levels and bF %, independent of bMI, was also observed (P=0.075). Ghrelin levels were significantly correlated with insulin levels and HOMA-Ir, independent of bMI (P=0.077). cONcLusIONs: Obesity and Ir may play an important role in the release of ghrelin as well as in the negative correlation between ghrelin and leptin.