Akt acutely transforming retrovirus AKT8 in rodent T cell lymphoma CDM cell-derived matrix Col I collagen type I ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinase ExAC Exome Aggregation Consortium FBS fetal bovine serum FN fibronectin FXIII-A Factor XIII subunit A GAPDH glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Abstract. Several case reports of autochthonous leishmaniasis in Thailand have been published since 1996. Most of the previous cases presented with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and were mostly reported in southern part of Thailand. Recently, it has been evident that Leishmania martiniquensis is the main cause of Leishmania infection in Thailand. However, Leishmania siamensis (PCM2 Trang isolate) was found to be of a separate lineage with restricted distribution in southern Thailand and also a cause of disseminated dermal and visceral leishmaniasis in one published case. Here we report the first patient from central Thailand with human immunodeficiency virus infection presenting with disseminated dermal leishmaniasis. Polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing analysis (large subunit of RNA polymerase II and 18S ribosomal RNA internal transcribed spacer 1) from the tissue biopsy sample revealed the pathogen sequences to be highly homologous to PCM2 Trang strain previously reported from southern Thailand.