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The rechargeable Li–O2 battery has attracted much attention over the past decades owing to its overwhelming advantage in theoretical specific energy density compared to state‐of‐the‐art Li‐ion batteries. Practical application requires non‐aqueous Li–O2 batteries to stably obtain high reversible capacity, which highly depends on a suitable electrolyte system. Up to now, some critical challenges remain in developing desirable non‐aqueous electrolytes for Li–O2 batteries. Herein, we will review the current status and challenges in non‐aqueous liquid electrolytes, ionic liquid electrolytes and solid‐state electrolytes of Li–O2 batteries, as well as the perspectives on these issues and future development.