This paper studies a dual-channel supply chain composed of a retailer and a supplier, and discusses the optimal decisions of supply chain participants under decentralized decision-making without and with demand disruption, respectively. By comparing the optimal decisions in the two scenarios, we find that the optimal decision after demand disruption is a linear function of the demand disruption plus optimal decision before demand disruption. Additionally, when the demand disruption is in interval , the optimal total production of the supply chain is equal before and after demand disruption. Moreover, the profits of the supply chain members and the value of their recognizing demand disruption are largely affected by the scale of demand disruption. Finally, the results show that the improved revenue-sharing contract can effectively improve the supply chain performance.

This paper constructs a partial equilibrium model under public health emergency shocks based on economic growth theory, and investigates the relationship between government intervention and virus transmission and economic growth path. We found that both close contacts tracing measures and isolation measures are beneficial to human capital stock and economic output per capita, and the effect of close contact tracing measures is better than that of isolation measures. For infectious diseases of different intensities, economic growth pathways differed across interventions. For low contagious public health emergencies, the focus should be on the coordination of isolation and tracing measures. For highly contagious public health emergencies, strict isolation, and tracing measures have limited effect in repairing the negative economic impact of the outbreak. The theoretical model provides a basic paradigm for the future researches to study economic growth under health emergencies, with good scalability and robustness.

Online agricultural supply chain finance, as an effective way to solve the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises in the chain, has made rapid progress in recent years, and the cooperation between banks and e-commerce has become the mainstream mode. Taking the electronic order pledge of agricultural products as an example, this paper discusses the incentive contract design between banks and B2B platform from the perspective of moral hazard prevention and the use of principal-agent theory. In this paper, the principal-agent model is constructed by considering the bank's effort and no effort, and then give the optimal incentive coefficient and fixed return. The results show that banks’ effort will increase the level of efforts of B2B platform, but also increase their own variable payment; under the given conditions, the bank’s effort will increase its income, and at a certain level of effort, the largest increase in revenue, In addition, improving the application level of B2B data processing technology and the degree of data pledge development will contribute to the increase of incentive coefficient and revenue.

As the society stands ready to embrace the notion of lifelong learning, adult English training is touted by society and sweeping through market. However, problems existed in this industry may backfire since the improper training modes will put a dent in learners' motivation. This study is developed into 3 parts, consisting of the findings of people's view on adult English training, the status quo and problems of adult English training so as to illustrate the effective ways including customized course setting and coverage, the improvement of teaching modes, and means of Internet-assisted learning as well as applying the brand effect to counter the quality problem to better adult English training. 2. THE BACKGROUND OF STUDY 2.1. Political Background "China's Education Modernization 2035" noted that China should establish a modern education system of lifelong learning in a bid to make China a powerhouse in terms of education，human resources and talents in 2035. One of the implementations is to set an overall plan while laying down plans in accordance with the regional differences. In the running-up to education modernization, lifelong study and sustainable development of people are hailed by the whole society, the need of learning society emerges. English, a global lingua franca, is vital to economic development and exchanges across the globe. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China stated that China has pursued reform in a more systematic, holistic, and coordinated way, increasing its breadth and depth. As China is committed to intensify the reform in an all-round way, we should also build an enabling English learning society. 2.2. Theoretical Background Many renowned figures in China featured on the motivation of the learners, of which Wen Qiufang (2001) conducted a research between motivation, concept and strategies and led to a conclusion that there is a stable relationship among them. Dai Weidong (2015) pointed out that from learners' perspectives the motivational strategies are effective. There are some researches done to elaborate on the problems of English training market and some attempts to provide some solutions. Peng Hongbing(2007), Cao Hua'e(2008), and Chen Hongguang (2008) pointed out the low market entry access and false advertising being the core problems. Through a comparison between English classes of middle school and that of training institutions, Chen Lei (2016) summarized the differences in teaching focus, method and advantages of each Marina Falasca (2011) explored the main barriers to adult learning discussed in the literature.