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Transportation of overweight/oversize cargoes has become more frequent in modern industrial society. Because of the cargo's importance, a serie s of methods should be taken to ensure the cargo's safety during transportation. This paper introduced several means to optimize transportation process which include the selection of trailer truck and platform lorry, design of lashing programs, simulation of transportation, optimization of transportation route and monitoring of cargoes ' status. Then a framework for overweight/oversize cargoes ' transportation by road was put forward to ensure transportation process safety.

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In animals, mucus is a common slippery internal or external secretion. Mucus is mainly composed of mucins and inorganic salts. Some antibacterial agents, such as lysozymes and immunoglobulin are also found in mucus. Mucus plays an important role in body lubrication and defense. Early research focused on compositional and functional analysis of mucus. In the last 5 years, rapid development of theories and techniques in modern biology have enabled study of mucus and relevant applications at the molecular level, especially involving barrier effects and adhesion mechanisms. The chemical composition of mucus, such as mucins, contributes to the biological effects and physical properties of mucus in animals. In this article, we briefly introduce the latest approaches in barrier effect and adhesion mechanism research of mucus in animals, including biological generation and the function of mucus, research methodology, chemical composition, physical properties and mechanisms of mucus.