<p>One of the main aims of transport layer protocol is achieving best throughput without any congestion or reduced congestion.  With rapid growing application needs and with increasing number of networks in Internet, there is a primary need to design new protocols to transport layer.  To transmit multimedia applications, one of the suitable congestion control mechanisms in transport layer is TCP Friendly Rate Control Protocol (TFRC).  It controls congestion based on its equation. However, every packet requires an acknowledgement in TFRC. It creates congestion in the network when the transmitted data is very large, which results in reduced throughput. This paper aims to increase the throughput when the transmitted data is large with minimal congestion by reducing the number of acknowledgements in the network.  We modified some fixed parameters in the TFRC equation. The results show the increased throughput with minimal congestion.</p>

To accomplish increasing real time requirements, user applications have to send different kinds of data with different speeds over the internet. To effectuate the aims of the computer networks, several protocols have been added to TCP/IP protocol suite. Transport layer has to implement emerging techniques to transfer huge amount of data like multimedia streaming. To transmit multimedia applications, one of the suitable congestion control mechanisms in transport layer is TCP Friendly Rate Control Protocol (TFRC). It controls congestion based on its equation. To get more smoothed throughput, intermediate nodes (like Routers. etc.) have to use suitable procedures in all real time situations. To eradicate the level of congestion in the network, we introduce enhanced Holt-Winters equations to RED queue management algorithm and applied to TFRC. The simulation results have shown that this strategy reduces packet loss and increases throughput.

Abstract:Multiple senders share bandwidth and send their data in high speed over the wired network. This may lead to congestion in the network. Congestion control plays a prominent role in network resource management. Effective mechanisms are needed to control the congestion in the network. In Transport layer, TCP Friendly Rate Control (TFRC) has been widely used for advanced multimedia streaming application over wired networks to give best smoothing sending rate. However, there exists packet loss due to high traffic in the network. To alleviate the barriers of congestion and reduce packet loss in the network, one needs to implement best queue management mechanisms to help the TFRC. In this paper, we have applied enhanced queue management scheme to TFRC. The simulation results have shown that this strategy reduces packet loss and increases throughput.

Abstract:Watermarking is one of the efficient approaches for digital authentication. An adaptive feature point extraction model is proposed in this paper for robust watermarking. The host image is treated with number of geometric attacks for extracting the consistent feature points form the image. The proposed watermarking scheme follows the adaptive feature point extraction method to retrieve the feature points from the host image. The response value of the feature points is calculated for improving the selection of feature points. The watermark insertion procedure is employed by inserting the watermarking bits with in the place of feature points. The feature point portion is extracted from the image and replaces the portion with watermarking bits. The watermark extraction procedure is used to restore the original image from the watermarked image. The watermarking bits in the image are replaced by the feature point portion for restoring the original image. The simulation experiment is carried with the MATLAB simulator. The proposed algorithm is tested with geometric attacks such as scaling, rotation, noise pollution and JPEG compression. The proposed method proved its efficiency when compared to other remaining algorithms.

<p>One of the main aims of transport layer protocol is achieving best throughput without any congestion or reduced congestion.  With rapid growing application needs and with increasing number of networks in Internet, there is a primary need to design new protocols to transport layer.  To transmit multimedia applications, one of the suitable congestion control mechanisms in transport layer is TCP Friendly Rate Control Protocol (TFRC).  It controls congestion based on its equation. However, every packet requires an acknowledgement in TFRC. It creates congestion in the network when the transmitted data is very large, which results in reduced throughput. This paper aims to increase the throughput when the transmitted data is large with minimal congestion by reducing the number of acknowledgements in the network.  We modified some fixed parameters in the TFRC equation. The results show the increased throughput with minimal congestion.</p>