The results suggest that dural metastasis should be considered in patients with malignant neoplasm and CSH. Further, the prognosis for patients with malignant neoplasm and CSH may be poor because of systemic metastasis and the side-effects of chemotherapy.

The mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) is associated with the clinical outcome of cancer treatment. For several cancers, countries with relatively good health care systems have favorable MIRs. However, the association between lung cancer MIR and health care expenditures or rankings has not been evaluated. We used linear regression to analyze the correlation between lung cancer MIRs and the total expenditures on health/gross domestic product (e/GDP) and the World Health Organization (WHO) rankings. We included 57 countries, for which data of adequate quality were available, and we found high rates of incidence and mortality but low MIRs in more developed regions. Among the continents, North America had the highest rates of incidence and mortality, whereas the highest MIRs were in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Globally, favorable MIRs correlated with high e/GDP and good WHO ranking (regression coefficient, −0.014 and 0.001; p = 0.004, and p = 0.014, respectively). In conclusion, the MIR for lung cancer in different countries varies with the expenditure on health care and health system rankings.

A new single FDCCII-based multifunction voltagemode biquadratic filter with single input and four outputs is proposed. The proposed configuration employs minimum active and passive components and can realize four generic filter signals without any inverting-type voltage input signals. The proposed circuit is constructed using a single fully differential current conveyor (FDCCII), two grounded capacitors and two resistors. The use of grounded capacitors is particularly attractive for integrated circuit implementation. The circuit can simultaneously realize voltage-mode lowpass, bandpass, highpass, and bandstop biquadratic filters from the four output terminals, respectively. All the passive and active sensitivities are low. Filters using a single active component and minimum number of passive elements have the advantages of lower cost and power dissipation. HSPICE and MATLAB simulations results are provided to demonstrate the theoretical analysis.

Pneumocytoma, former known as sclerosing hemangioma, is a rare and benign tumor in lung which derived from primitive respiratory epithelium. It's usually a single tumor, size from 0.3-7 cm (70% of patient <3 cm), and without any symptoms. Due to no obvious symptoms, it's usually screened accidently. The image of pneumocytoma on Chest X-ray or CT are usually well defined and benign looking mass. Due to it's usually a single tumor, curative operation treatment is usually considered. Only very less of pneumocytoma patients were ever reported as multi-focal origin or metastasis like appearance. Our case is a mid-age Asian female with bilateral several nodules, disseminated in different lobes. She has symptoms as dry cough and shortness of breath. Her Chest CT revealed bilateral several nodules. We first resected the nodules in her left lower lobes in 2008. Pathology proof is pneumocytoma. However, during 2015 to 2016, several nodules on right site were enlarging. So another resection operation was performed on 2016, pathology still revealed pneumocytoma. Unlike most of the patient with pneumocytoma, our patient has multifocal pneumocytoma and malignancy-like behavior. We have search for many case report, only few cases were ever noted as pneumocytoma with lymph node metastasis and malignancy change like multiple nodules or slowly enlarged.