IL-6 and IL-10 were the key cytokines in the pathogenesis of severe sepsis. IL-6 was comparatively more associated with septic shock and IL-10 was comparatively more associated with mortality.

Ice packs, hot water immersion, and analgesics all improved the pain from centipede envenomation. Ice pack treatment is a safe, inexpensive, and non-invasive method for pre-hospital management in patients with centipede envenomation.

A severity scoring system, including TGF-beta1 level on admission, may be considered as a useful parameter to predict outcomes of patients with severe CAP.