Road safety depends on a complex balance between all the factors that compose the road system: user, vehicle, environment, and infrastructure. Directive 2008/96/EC introduces procedures to improve the European Transport Network (TEN-T) safety, recognizing an important role for safety inspections, but focusing them on freeways and highways. This paper proposed methods and criteria useful to optimize current inspection procedures and adapt them also to secondary and local rural roads. It is often complex to determine the severity and weight of the different risk factors in this context, since deficiencies and faults can be found both in the road infrastructure and in the other components of the system. The proposed survey method was applied to a stretch of the SS7 Appia state road (Lazio, Italy). Producing video capture and using GPS sensors to geolocalize the data proved to be very useful for the compilation of the survey forms. The results showed a good consistency between the safety assessments obtained from the scoring of the inspection forms and the historical accident rate. Therefore, the proposed methodology can be a valuable aid in understanding safety concerns and in defining the improvement actions.