Background: We investigated the superiority of arthroscopy-assisted reduction and internal fixation (ARIF) to open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for treating glenoid fracture with scapular involvement. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled patients with glenoid fracture who underwent ARIF or ORIF from 2010–2020. Radiographic outcomes were assessed, and clinical outcomes (active range of motion [ROM], visual analog scale [VAS], Constant, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand [DASH]) were evaluated 12 months postoperatively. Results: Forty-four patients with Ideberg type II–VI glenoid fractures (ARIF: 20; ORIF: 24; follow-up 12–22 months) were included. Union was achieved in all patients. Active ROM values were comparable between the approaches. Constant and DASH scores were non-significantly better with ARIF (90.9 ± 9.2 vs. 86.6 ± 18.1 [p = 0.341] and 6.8 ± 9.4 vs. 9.3 ± 21.3 [p = 0.626], respectively). However, VAS scores were significantly lower with ARIF (1.5 ± 0.6 vs. 2.7 ± 1.4, p = 0.001). Associated intra-articular lesions (articular depressions [80%], superior labral anterior-posterior tear [20%], labral tears [30%]) were found in most ARIF cases and were repaired during ARIF. Conclusions: For glenoid fracture with scapular involvement, ARIF allows accurate diagnosis of fracture pattern and the management of associated intra-articular lesions, with better pain control outcomes than ORIF. Thus, arthroscopy-assistant surgery should be considered in patient with glenoid fracture.

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Mulberry has favorable antioxidant ability. Menopause is a major cause of osteoporosis in women, and it is partially associated with oxidative stress. Here, mulberry water extract (MWE) was fed to ovariectomic (OVX) rats to explore the potential effect of MWE on osteoporosis. The results revealed that plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP) significantly decreased in the OVX rats after MWE administration for 8 weeks. Histological examination showed that the MWE increased the density of trabecular bone in the OVX rats. It also revealed that the MWE increases the expression of Runx2 and decreases that of the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB and its ligand in the OVX rats. This implies that MWE might regulate osteoblast differentiation and osteoclast proliferation. The MWE improved the antioxidant status by lowering the expression of heme oxygenase-1. In addition, the MWE increased the expression of osteocalcin, ALP, and bone morphogenetic protein-2 in an osteoblast cell line, MG-63. The present results imply that MWE has potential to decelerate osteoporosis in an experimental OVX rat model.

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