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Ecotourism offers a sustainable solution in developing tourism in India. However, with growing interest in ecotourism , tourism managers are facing the issue of managing tourists demands while at the same time mitigating the impact on the destination's environment. Visitor management is considered vital for the sustainable development of a destination where visitor effect and perception studies are critical for future management regimes. The research aim was to investigate the perception of tourists visiting Munnar. To gather tourist information at the destination, the current study used a descriptive research tool, a self-administered questionnaire. The study of the demographic variables of tourists was carried out, and an evaluation was made of the perception of visitors about the effect of tourism activities on the environment of the destination. The evaluation was used to research the impact on the attitude of the visitor concerning Munnar as a tourist destination of age, education, and income status. Research results suggest that there are major variations in the attitude of tourists in terms of age, education, and income. The result indicates that there is a positive connection between the satisfaction of tourists and factors related to the destination that influence the perception of tourists.

Ecotourism is the fastest advancing and developing market within the tourism enterprise and with faster progress; it's leaving an acute impact on the ecosystem. One of the significant stakeholders that can promote sustainability is ecotourism accommodation providers. In order to minimize their carbon footprint and negative environmental effects, many hotels and resorts around the world have launched innovative cost-saving measures. The sustainability of a destination for ecotourism is partly dependent on the success of local eco-lodges and resorts. Certification has emerged as a strong instrument for helping to conserve natural resources and cultural heritage. The study was planned to develop performance management standard criteria and indicators (C&I) for eco-lodges and resorts in order to track sustainability and current eco-tourism activities in India. The main objective is to ensure the fulfillment of the goals of ecotourism and to evaluate the working standard that is practiced in different destinations. After the stakeholder consultation, the draft standard of criteria and indicators was developed and accompanied by a comprehensive primary survey. To test the parameters of C & I, a case study review was performed across 10 prominent eco-lodges in India, which are located near ecotourism destinations. The findings of the study include the natural, social and economic aspects, along with a set of 3 principles, 5 criteria, and 86 indicators to determine the sustainable functioning of eco-lodges and resorts. Implementation of the C & I on the resorts showed that only two resorts were fully fulfilling all the C & I showing their activeness toward better sustainable management of their operations Best practice examples from different hotels of different sizes, ownership, and locations across India are also mentioned in the paper. Such examples reflect green management initiatives that support local communities, protect natural resources and cultural practices, etc.

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This study was undertaken to evaluate the spatial as well as the temporal changes in land use/ land cover in Devikulam Taluk, Idukki District, Kerala, and to assess the effects of increasing anthropogenic pressure on the fragile ecosystem of this area. For analysis, land use/ land cover maps of four different years, i.e., 1988, 1999, 2008 and 2017, were generated using LANDSAT TM (Thematic Mapper), ETM+ (Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus) and OLI/TIRS (Operational Land Imager/Thermal InfraRed Sensor) satellite imagery. The results of the study suggested that there has been a drastic increase in the built-up area and a continuous decline in the forest area in Devikulam from 35.31 km 2 built-up in 1988 to 73.92 km 2 in 2017, and 1374.52 km 2 forest in 1988 to 1247.24 km 2 in 2017, respectively. Over this period of approximately 40 years, around 47.85 km 2 area of the forest got converted to built-up. This could be due to the increasing anthropogenic pressure in terms of migration or booming tourism contributing to the increased demand for infrastructures. Therefore, appropriate land use planning is a fundamental step towards the sustainable development of this biogeographically rich and unique area of Devikulam Taluk.