Note: This paper computes these scores based on the classification summarized in the WTO document (JOB[03]/195), which describes frequently-used categories of natural persons included under mode 4 in the horizontal section of members' schedules of specific commitments. The four main categories are intracorporate transferees (ICT), business visitors (BV) and service salespersons (SS), contractual service suppliers (CSS) and other categories. CSS includes employees of juridical persons and independent professionals. Other categories contain graduate trainees and spouses and partners of ICT.

This paper re-examines Wagner's law of an expanding government sector with progress of the economy for China. This study divides the sample into two periods: "pre-reform" (1960)(1961)(1962)(1963)(1964)(1965)(1966)(1967)(1968)(1969)(1970)(1971)(1972)(1973)(1974)(1975)(1976)(1977)(1978) and "post-reform" . The empirical results indicate that a long-run relationship between national income and public spending does exist in the "pre-reform" and "post-reform" period. The results show that unidirectional Granger causality from national income to public spending is found in the "post-reform" period, thus providing support for Wagner's law. Alternatively, no causal relationship between public spending and national income is found in the "pre-reform" period, thus lending no support to the validity of Wagner's law.