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Five of the top 13 global risks are environmental in nature, more than any of the other threat categories, which concern economic, geopolitical, societal, and technological risks, respectively (World Economic Forum, 2022). Anthropogenic global changes, including both climate and social changes along with high human population in disturbance-prone areas, are resulting in changes in the intensity of catastrophic weather events like flash floods and hurricanes, wildfire, epidemics of emerging infectious diseases like COVID-19, and other humanitarian disasters (Kossin et al., 2020;Stephens et al., 2014).

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