There was a higher prevalence of SDB in asthmatic children compared to non-asthmatic children and the prevalence of SDB increased with increasing asthma severity. In multivariate analysis the role of asthma was much less clear as it predicted a positive PSQ in girls but not boys. SDB, but not asthma, was an independent predictor of behavioral problems.

Overall, organizational guideline recommendations are broad and lack specifics regarding timing and modality for follow-up imaging of small renal masses. Additionally, despite general consensus in the literature about certain criteria to trigger delayed intervention, there exist no formal guidelines. Active surveillance of small renal masses is an acceptable management strategy for patients with prohibitive surgical risk; however, standardized imaging protocols for surveillance are lacking, as are randomized, prospective trials to evaluate the ideal follow-up protocol.

No abstract