<p class="western" align="justify">The Atacama Desert and the Puna (an ecoregion of the Central Andes that mainly straddles three South American countries, Argentina, Bolivia and Chile, with altitudes ranging from 3500 to 4800 meters above sea level [masl] see. Figure 1) have extreme terrestrial environmental characteristics that make these two geographic locations potential analogs of the conditions that Mars may have experienced during its geological history [1,2].</p> <p class="western" align="justify"><img src="data:image/png;base64, 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
El bosque secundario de la Estación Biológica Pindo Mirador, provincia de Pastaza, Ecuador, han sido pobremente estudiados, proponiéndose con la investigación, caracterizar su estructura arbórea. Se establecieron cuatro parcelas de 0.1 ha que cubren un área de muestreo de 0.4 ha; fueron medidos todos los árboles con diámetro a 1.30 del suelo ≥ 10 cm, determinándose además su altura absoluta. Las abundancias por especies y parcelas, clases diamétricas y rangos de altura fueron analizadas para extraer sus estadísticos descriptivos, y mediante comparaciones no paramétricas establecer diferencias entre ellos. Se evaluó la contribución de especies a la estructura del bosque mediante la determinación de Índices de diversidad estructural, incluyendo el Índice de Valor de Importancia de especies, y su área basal. Los resultados muestran una riqueza de 49 especies pertenecientes a 36 géneros de 27 familias, donde predominan árboles con diámetros entre 10 y 20 cm y alturas entre 8 y 20 m. Se concluye que es un bosque relativamente homogéneo, con elementos típicos de la transición andino-amazónica, de baja riqueza de especies, cuya estructura vertical del vuelo dominante es del piso medio o subdosel, medianamente denso, dominado por árboles de Hyeronima oblonga y Piptocoma discolor, las que tienen la mayor incidencia en su estructura.
In 2019 while launching a multidisciplinary research project aimed at developing the Puna de Atacama region as a natural laboratory, investigators within the University of Atacama (Chile) conducted a bibliographic search identifying previously studied geographical points of the region and of potential interest for planetary science and astrobiology research. This preliminary work highlighted a significant absence in foreign publications consideration of local institutional involvement. In light of this, a follow-up study was carried out to confirm or refute these first impressions, by comparing the search in two bibliographic databases: Web of Science and Scopus. The results show that almost 60% of the publications based directly on data from the Puna, the Altiplano or the Atacama Desert with objectives related to planetary science or astrobiology do not include any local institutional partner (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Peru). Indeed, and beyond the ethical questioning of international collaborations, Latin-American planetary science deserve a strategic structuring, networking, as well as a road map at a national and continental scale, not only to enhance research, development and innovation but also to protect an exceptional natural heritage sampling extreme environmental niches on Earth. Examples of successful international collaborations such as the field of meteorites, terrestrial analogues and space exploration in Chile or astrobiology in Mexico are given as illustrations and possible directions to follow in order to develop planetary sciences in South America.
<p>As much is still unknown about the conditions for life on Early Mars, extreme environments on Earth that resemble Early Martian conditions are particularly useful for planetary scientists and astrobiologists to understand Early Mars environments. As biosignatures could be preserved in the Martian mineral record, Mars analogue environments on Earth also provide useful points of reference for measurements gathered by Mars rover missions. </p><p>One of the best Martian Analogue Environments on Earth is the dry high-altitude desert in the area of the Ojos del Salado volcano in Chile. The Ojos del Salado is the highest point of the Puna de Atacama plateau in the Andes, characterized by extremely dry periglacial conditions, high UV radiation levels, low oxygen pressure, strong winds and the presence of volcanic and hydrothermal activity. High altitude lakes in the area feature polyextremophile microbial ecosystems that are adapted to these unique conditions and which provide a valuable insight into ecosystems that might resemble life on Early Mars. We report research results from Raman spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy and optical microscopy, gathered in-situ during the joint interdisciplinary Universidad de Atacama/LICA UDA/EuroMoonMars field campaign to the Ojos del Salado area in February/March 2022.</p>
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