Injury to the ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb is very common and can be disabling when missed or left untreated. We present a review of literature and our preferred way of management.

Use of lateral row anchors in rotator cuff repair as a means of enhancing the strength of the repair; and improving footprint tendon contact, thus promoting healing, is becoming more popular in current arthroscopic practice. In our knowledge, failures of lateral row knotless anchors have not yet been reported. We present a case of double row rotator cuff repair using a Swivelock anchor (Arthrex) as a lateral row anchor that failed two weeks after surgery.

BackgroundWe welcomed the innovative arthroscopic stabilization of the acromioclavicular joint dislocations with the Tightrope as it seemed promising regarding results and rehabilitation however our results were not satisfactory. Materials and MethodsWe clinically and radiographically reviewed the first thirty one consecutive patients treated with this method and analysed their scores in search of correlations between results and patient, injury or surgery factors. ResultsWe had 19% failure rate that was not statistically correlated with any factors. ConclusionWe believe the Tightrope alone is not adequate to stabilize the acromioclavicular joint as it does not address the acromioclavicular ligament and the instability at the anteroposterior plane. * Classification according to Rockwood. ACJ, acromioclavicular joint; FDC, fracture distal end of clavicle; TR, Tightrope.

Background Cystic changes in the greater tuberosity of the humerus are common, and are often reported to be associated with rotator cuff tear or ageing. The present study aimed to assess whether cysts on plain radiograph of the shoulder are indicative of rotator cuff tears. Materials and methods One hundred and five consecutive patients with painful shoulders who underwent arthroscopic procedures were recruited prospectively. The observed radiographic cysts in the tuberosity were correlated with arthroscopic findings of their rotator cuff, as well as with other pathologies. Results Cysts appeared more often in shoulders with rotator cuff tears than in those without tears (p < 0.001). The overall positive predictive value for a patient with a painful shoulder in the presence humeral cysts was 68%. This rises to 85% if the patient is aged 60 years or older. Cysts occurred with similar probability in shoulders with or without superior labral tears, calcific tendinitis, impingement and frozen shoulder. Discussion Cystic changes in the greater tuberosity were closely associated with rotator cuff tears and age. When humeral cysts are detected on plain radiographs in a patient with a painful shoulder, the index of suspicion for rotator cuff tear should be high, particularly for those patients aged over 60 years.

Artificial insemination (AI) is the manual placement of semen in the reproductive tract of the female by a method other than natural mating. Cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2018 to April 2019 in and around kombolcha, south wollo, Ethiopia with the aim of determining the efficiency of AI in dairy cows and to identify constraint associated with artificial insemination. A total of 300 cows were included in the study to assess efficiency of artificial insemination. Data was collected based on owners' willingness by structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics such as percentages and frequency distribution were used to determine the efficiency of pregnancy with different variables and the association of pregnancy with different factors has been tested using multiple logistic regressions. The highest conception rate was found to be 75.5% in cross breeds, 80% in >6 years age, 74% within 6hr of insemination, 75.2% in primiparous and 40.7% in good BCS cows. The multiple logistic regression revealed among the different problems and constraints associated with the efficiency; there were no a significant difference in conception rate between breed, age, parity number and body condition score of the cows (p>0.05).Whereas there was a significant difference in conception rate between time of AI specifically between within six hr. and after 12 hr. of insemination (p<0.05). In conclusion, the most important constraint associated with efficiency of AI is delayed time of insemination. To reduce the problem owners of dairy cows should be trained about the detection of estrus and other factors that may reduce the efficacy of the AI should be studied.