Electrochemical sensor is a detection means that integrates electrochemical analysis technology with sensor technology. In this paper, we analyze the superiority of electrochemical sensors and the achievements made by electrochemical sensors in other related fields and argue the great impact of electrochemical sensors on modern industrial production and people’s life; we present the unique application of electrochemical sensors in textile art and its supporting design with the development of electrochemical sensor-assisted textile art and its supporting design and analyze the current situation of textile art and development requiring technological innovation, rapid detection of electrochemical sensor-assisted design, and the corresponding improvement of the quality and quality of the design. Also, we focus on the combination of design and art, using the characteristics of electrochemical sensors, the artistic expression, and functional enhancement, focusing on the space supporting the artistic effect. In this paper, two fibers, PU and PU/PAN-SPA, were designed with the aid of electrochemical sensors for rapid detection and tested for their water absorption, moisture permeability, air permeability, and mechanical properties, all of which performed well and can be used as good materials for textile art design. The use of electrochemical sensors to assist in the design of suitable textile fiber materials according to artistic expression techniques can better stimulate the artist’s creative inspiration and release more contemporary artistic energy.