Current evidence indicates that anesthetics produce important effects to protect myocardium against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The imbalance between pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines might contribute to the mechanism of progression of I/R injury. To investigate experimental methodology of inflammatory factors in myocardial I/R with anesthetics preconditioning. This paper discusses the methods from the several aspects, including animal species, methods for model preparation, patterns of common anesthetics intervention, and the results of the intervention inflammatory factors including TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 together with nuclear transcription factor NF-kB which regulates inflammation were explored in I/R models. The results showed that anesthetics exerted the protective effects on the injury of ischemia reperfusion injury through the regulation of inflammatory factors.