Microspherophakia is an uncommon bilateral eye condition in which there is abnormal laxity of the lens zonules, leading to development of a spherical lens. Microspherophakia without systemic features is a rare presentation. The management of such a case is quite challenging. We report a case of isolated microspherephakia which was managed successfully with clear lens extraction with implantation of a foldable intraocular lens.

Retinal arterial occlusion is an ocular emergency in which visual prognosis is poor mostly due to late presentation of the patient and macular involvement. The casee described, in this report is ane incidence of Branch Retinal Arterial Occlusion in a 22 year old female with grade II Mitral Regurgitation. The patiente presented witha complaint of painless, diminution of vision in the right eyn. She alsod presented with perception of black shadow in the superior visual fiel n of the same eye5 for five days. There was no significant systemic ord personal history. Her visual acuity at presentation was 6/60 and 6/6 in the right and left eyes,y which did not improve with glasses or pin-hole. Anterior segment including papillary reaction was normal in both eyes while Fundus examination of the right eye revealed retinal whitening inside the inferotemporal vascular arcade that was encroaching foveolar avascular zone. Visual field defect was detected at superonasally inside arhade but Fundus Fluorescence Angiography was normal. An echoycardiograph revealed grade II Mitral Regurgitation. The patient was kept on observation and after two2 days of follow-up, vision in the right eye was improved to 6/6 unaided but visual field defect was remained same.http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v8i4.6244 Kathmandu Univ Med J 2010;8(4):423-5

Background Retinal diseases are very difficult to treat. So, early diagnoses and preventions are very important. But, few eye doctors can treat patients with retinal diseases in Nepal. Retina Eye Care of Nepal (RECON) project was designed to strengthen retina eye care services in Nepal. Methods RECON was implemented from May 2016 to February 2019 in Nepal. Four Master Eye Doctors (MED) received Training of Trainers (TOT) from Tokushima University, Japan. MEDs developed training materials for different cadres of ophthalmic human resources, enhanced retina eye care facilities, and conducted retina-screening camp in Nepal. Results Twenty ophthalmologists, 16 optometrists, 48 ophthalmic assistants and 17 ophthalmic nurses, 76 physicians and 28 health workers were trained in retina care. Eight outreach retina camps were conducted. Conclusions The project was a novel approach to strengthen retina services in Nepal. The aim of the project was accomplished with the ultimate benefits to the needy retina patients who otherwise were going to miss the retina services.

This work is licensed under creative common license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ © MJSBH 2018 ABSTRACT Introduction: Leprosy is one of the dreaded communicable disease due to its profound morbidity. In earlier days in Nepal, a different settlement was designated for leprosy patient and their families.Khokana of Lalitpur district of Nepal is one of them. The study was conducted to determine ocular morbidity among leprosy patients who had completed multi drug therapy. Methods:It was descriptive, quantitative and cross sectional study conducted at Khokana Leprosy Centre in Lalitpur district of Nepal. Leprosy patients who had completed multi drug therapy and consenting for the study were enrolled. Convenience sampling was done and the sample size was 70. After detail ophthalmic evaluation, socio-demographic profile of the participants and their ocular morbidities were documented and analysed.Results: Major findings were superciliary madarosis (78.57%), ciliary madarosis (61.4%), different grades of cataract (67.10% right eye and 60% left eye), pseudophakia (30% right eye and 37.10% left eye), tylosis (44.3%), corneal hypoesthesia (10% unilaterally and 15.7% bilaterally) and dry eye (10%).Entropion was present in 2.9% both unilaterally and bilaterally. Ectropion was present in 5.7% unilaterally and 10% bilaterally. Trichiasis was present in 1.4% unilaterally and 2.9% bilaterally.Similarly, eyelid nodule was present in 7.1% unilaterally and 1.4% bilaterally. Incomplete closure of the lids was present in 8.6% unilaterally and 2.9% bilaterally. Exposure keratitis was present in 7.1% unilaterally and 1.4% bilaterally, corneal opacity in 2.9% unilaterally and 1.4% bilaterally and corneal perforation in 2.9% unilaterally. Chronic iridocyclitis was present in 2.9% cases. Retinal pearls were seen in 2.86% of cases. According to WHO criteria of blindness, 2.9% patients were blind in the present study. 14 persons were unilaterally blind and among them, two had severe visual impairment in the other eye, eight had other eye moderate visual impairment and four had other eye mild visual impairment. Conclusions:Lid abnormalities, corneal abnormalities and cataract were the commonly encountered ocular morbidities among treated leprosy patients.

Introduction: Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a condition of unknown origin characterised by a serous detachment of the macula, affecting young healthy adults mostly men between the age of 20- 50 years. It is postulated to occur secondary to a leak from the choriocapillaries through the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE). This study was carried out to evaluate the visual function test of CSCR after intravitreal Bevacizumab. Methods: This is a hospital based, prospective, interventional, non-comparative study conducted in a tertiary level eye hospital in Nepal from 2016 January to 2017 January. The study included 15 eyes of 15 patients with chronic CSCR, All patients were injected with intravitreal Avastin (IVA) 1.25 mg (0.05 mL). At baseline and follow up visits, patients had contrast sensitivity, stereopsis, colour vision, BCVA, IOP assessment, FFA, dilated fundus examination, and OCT imaging was used for measurement of central macular thickness. Results: The mean age of patients was 35 years (26–47 years), 12 (80%) patients were males and three (20%) were females. 13 out of 15 subjects received one injection while the remaining two cases had two injections. All eyes had gained two or more lines improvement in BCVA at the end of follow up. The mean baseline CRT for all patients was 533 ±79.5 lm (range, 412–677), decreased to 253± 39.2 lm (range, 192–343) after three months with statistically significant (p <0.001 Wilcoxon sign rank test). Contrast sensitivity by Wilcoxon sign rank test was statistically significant with p value 0.003. Conclusions: Bevacizumab was associated with visual function improvement and reduced neurosensory detachment without adverse events in patients with CSCR.