No abstract

In this research, the melissopalynological analysis of honey samples collected from Kars city located in the East Anatolian Region of Turkey was conducted for geographical marking. Within this context, melissopalynological analyses of 100 honey samples determined by sampling method were collected from eight districts of Kars in Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey were done, to determine the nectarous source plants of Kars honey. As a result of melisopalynological analyses carried out in 100 honey samples; pollens of the taxa belonging to Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Berberidaceae, Betulaceae, Brassicaceae, Boraginaceae, Campanulaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cistaceae, Cyperaceae, Dipsacaceae, Ericaceae, Fabaceae, Iridaceae, Lamiaceae, Liliaceae, Malvaceae, Onagraceae, Papaveraceae, Plantaginaceae, Poaceae, Polygonaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rhamnaceae, Rosaceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae, Salicaceae and Scrophulariaceae families were detected at different rates. Almost in all of the honey samples, Lotus corniculatus (in 99 samples), Onobrychis radiata (in 99 samples), Trifolium nigrescens (in 88 samples) from Fabaceae family and pollens of Echium vulgaris (81 samples) and Myosotis lithoospermifolia (15 samples) taxa from the Boraginaceae family, were found in honey samples. Onobrychis radiata pollen was the most intensely observed one among these samples (in dominant, secondary, minor, trace amounts). The total number of pollens (TPN-10) in 10 grams of honey were also detected during the melissopalynological analyses. TPN-10 values minimum: 226, maximum: 481157 and mean: 31678 were detected and the pollen abundance of the honeys are classified as good category. Kars is an important province for beekeeping with floral variety. As a result of this study, the first step of the geographical marking studies of Kars' honey was completed. Keywords: Kars, Melissopalynology, Honey, TPN-10 Kars Balının Coğrafi İşaretlemesi İçin Melissopalinolojik Analiz ÖzetBu çalışmada, Türkiye'nin Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi'nde bulunan Kars İli'nde üretilen balların coğrafi işaretlenmesi için gerekli bir aşama olan melissopalinolojik analizleri yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda sekiz ilçeden, örnekleme metoduna göre yapılan istatistiksel analizlerle tespit edilen 100 bal örneğinin mikroskobik analizleri gerçekleştirilerek Kars balına kaynaklık eden nektarlı bitkiler tespit edilmiştir. Bu amaçla melissopalinolojik analizleri yapılan 100 adet örnek balda; Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Berberidaceae, Betulaceae, Brassicaceae, Boraginaceae, Campanulaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cistaceae, Cyperaceae, Dipsacaceae, Ericaceae, Fabaceae, Iridaceae, Lamiaceae, Liliaceae, Malvaceae, Onagraceae, Papaveraceae, Plantaginaceae, Poaceae, Polygonaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rhamnaceae, Rosaceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae, Salicaceae ve Scrophulariaceae familyalarına ait taksonların polenleri değişik oranlarda tespit edilmiştir. Fabaceae familyasından Lotus corniculatus (99 örnek), Onobrychis radiata (99 örnek), Trifolium nigrescens (88 örnek), Boraginaceae familyasından Echium vul...

IntroductionWarfarin is commonly used to avoid thromboembolism, predominantly for cardiovascular pathologies. However, the consumption of several herbal products is not permitted during its use due to the associated interactions. Propolis is a popular phytotherapy product made by honey bees. The use of propolis has been dramatically increasing in recent times.AimTo evaluate the possible interactions between propolis and warfarin in a mouse model with determination of the international normalized ratio (INR) values.Material and methodsCD-1 mice were employed in the experimental model. The mice were warfarinized, and propolis was administered simultaneously. The INR values were obtained. All animals were sacrificed at the end of the study.ResultsThe baseline INR value was 0.8 ±0.1. After 72 h, the INR value increased as expected. The INR value was 7.28 ±1.08 in the control group and 5.8 ±2.88 in the propolis group. At the end of the study, the INR value was 1.3 ±0.37. Propolis interacted with warfarin and caused a decrease in the INR value.ConclusionsPropolis interactions, especially with warfarin, should be kept in mind and further studied. Healthcare specialists should be aware of this possible interaction between warfarin and propolis and inform patients about it.

B aldaki polenin mikroskobik analizi melissopalinoloji olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Palinolojinin bu dalı, balın coğrafik kökenini, saflığını ve kalitesini belirlemek için yoğun şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Bal arılarının nektar ve polen topladıkları bitkiler, balın mikroskobik analizi ile belirlenebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Siirt bölgesinden toplanan ballar incelenmiştir. 24 bal örneğinin toplam polen sayısı, nem oranı ve polen bileşimleri değerlendirilmiştir. Toplam polen sayısı, 2086-55710 arasında değişmekte oluo ortalama değeri 22506'dır. Analizi yapılan bal örneklerinin polen bileşimi, nispeten zengin olarak tanımlanmıştır. Balların %75'inin 10'dan fazla bitki taksonu içerdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bal örneklerinin mikroskobik analizi sonucu, sık gözlenen bitki aileleri Asteraceae, Fabaceae ve Lamiaceae olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre, kentin incelenen bölgelerinin zengin polen kaynaklı bal üretimi için önemli olduğunu iddia edebiliriz.

Taracaxum species are an important food source for many insects because of their early flowering and rich supply of nectar and pollen. Taraxacum (dandelion) honey has been characterized and is widespread throughout Europe. Although, Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan and the West Himalayas have the highest species richness and character diversities of Taraxacum, there are still gaps of knowledge about dandelion honey. The aim of this study was to evaluate the composition of dandelion honey which will be a new characterization of a monofloral honey originating from Turkey.