No abstract

Efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes against neonate larvae of Capnodis tenebrionis (L., 1758) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) 1 Capnodis tenebrionis (L., 1758) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)'in ilk dönem larvalarına karşı entomopatojen nematodların etkinliği Çiğdem ŞAHİN 2 Uğur GÖZEL 2*

This study was conducted with the purpose of determining the beneficial insect species in thyme fields in Salihli district of Manisa province and in Central, Güney, Çal, Buldan and Bekilli districts of Denizli province between 2013 and 2014. Insect samples were collected by visual control, sweeping nets, sampling frames and culturing methods. Common species from the study in Coleoptera order were determined as Coccinella semptempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Hippodamia variegata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Coccinula quatuordecimpustulata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Stethorus gilvifrons (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), while Aphidius sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Temelucha sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), Apanteles sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Trichogramma sp. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) were determined in Hymenoptera order. The most common species C. semptempunctata was found as 47 individuals in Manisa, while it was 45 in Denizli in 2013. The same species was found to have 74 individuals in Manisa and 12 individuals in Denizli in 2014. This situation is thought to be related to the number of samplings.

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) are effective biological control agents against underground and under bark pests. Persistency and survival of EPN in soil after soil application is important for long term success of management programs. In this study, determination of soil persistency of 4 native EPN species after surface spraying and soil injection applications in a peach orchard. In the study, S. feltiae (96), S. carpocapsae 1133, H. bacteriophora 1144 and S. affine 47 species were applied in 30 l water with 140.000 IJ/tree dose per tree by surface spraying and soil injection methods. EPN were applied to soil with a watering can in surface spraying method and with a pulverizator into 5-15 cm depth in soil injection method. After application monthly soil samples were collected and EPN presence was tested with G. mellonella larvae and White traps in the laboratory. The study was conducted for 2 times in 2018 and 2019. At the end of the study, EPN persistency in soil in 2018 was 90 days and 150 days in 2019. With the data gathered from the study in mind, it is thought EPN have a potential in biological control against agricultural pests.

Entomopatojen nematodların topraktaki hayatta kalma süreleri biyolojik mücadele çalışmalarının başarısı için önemlidir. Bu çalışmada bir şeftali bahçesinde 4 yerel entomopatojen nematod (EPN) türü; Steinernema feltiae Filipjev (Nematoda: Steinernematidae), S. carpocapsae Weiser (Nematoda: Steinernematidae), S. affine Bovien (Nematoda:Steinernematidae) ve Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (Nematoda: Heterorhabditidae)’nın topraktaki kalıcılığı damla sulama yöntemi ile 2018 ve 2019 yıllarında araştırılmıştır. Entomopatojen nematodlar toprağa 50 IJs/cm2 dozunda uygulanmıştır. Uygulama sonrası ayda bir toprak örneklemesi yapılarak entomopatojen nematodların topraktaki kalıcılığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda 2018 yılında EPN’lerin toprakta kalıcılıklarının 90 gün, 2019 yılında ise 150 gün sürdüğü belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular neticesinde EPN’lerin toprağa uygulandıktan sonra çevresel faktörlere bağlı olarak kalıcılık sürelerinin değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Uygulama sonrası EPN’lerin toprakta kalma sürelerinin uzatılması topraktaki zararlılara etkinliklerinin artırılması açısından önemlidir.