The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of protocols equalized by the repetition duration but composed of different concentric and eccentric durations on muscle activation and neuromuscular fatigue. Seventeen males with previous experience in resistance training performed 3 training protocols (A - 2s con : 4s ecc; B - 3s con : 3s ecc; and C - 4s con : 2s ecc) with the Smith machine bench press exercise, all with 3 sets, 6 repetitions, 3 minutes' rest, and 60% of 1RM. The normalized root mean square of the electromyographic signal (EMGRMS) and mean frequency electromyography (EMGMF) for pectoralis major and triceps brachii muscles were calculated for 2nd and 5th repetitions in each set. The results showed an EMGMF decrease across the repetitions accompanied by a progressive increase of the EMGRMS across the repetitions for all protocols and muscles. The EMGRMS was higher in Protocol C when compared with Protocol A and B for pectoralis major. The EMGMF was lower in Protocols B and C than in Protocol A for pectoralis major throughout the sets and repetitions. A higher EMGRMS and a lower EMGMF were observed in Protocols B and C compared to Protocol A for triceps brachii, solely in the 5th repetition . In conclusion, training protocols conducted with the same repetition duration, but with different concentric and eccentric durations, produce distinct muscle activation and neuromuscular fatigue responses, in which performing longer concentric durations could be the more appropriate strategy to increase muscle activation and neuromuscular fatigue.
RESUMOO objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a concentração de lactato sanguíneo em protocolos de treinamento de força com diferentes durações das ações musculares no exercício supino. Dezessete voluntários executaram três protocolos com três séries de seis repetições a 60% de 1RM, pausa de três minutos entre as séries e diferentes durações das ações musculares (2-4: 2s concêntrica e 4s excêntrica; 3-3: 3s concêntrica e 3s excêntrica; 4-2: 4s concêntrica e 2s excêntrica). A análise da concentração de lactato sanguíneo considerou os valores médios por série em cada protocolo. Os resultados da ANOVA two-way mostraram que o efeito principal protocolo não apresentou diferença significante entre os três protocolos (F = 0,75; p = 0,48; poder = 0,48; η 2 = 0,17), assim como para a interação entre os fatores (F = 1,68; p = 0,13; poder = 0,09; η 2 = 0,62). Porém, houve diferença significante na concentração de lactato sanguíneo para o fator série (F = 320,23; p = 0,0001; poder = 1,00; η 2 = 0,95). Portanto, protocolos de treinamento de força equiparados com durações das ações musculares distintas não apresentaram diferenças na resposta do lactato sanguíneo e, independentemente do protocolo, a concentração deste substrato aumentou ao longo das três séries realizadas. Palavras-chave: Treinamento de força. Duração da repetição. Lactato sanguíneo. ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to compare the blood lactate concentration in strength training protocols with different muscle action durations in the bench press exercise. Seventeen volunteers performed three protocols with three sets of six repetitions at 60 % of 1RM, three-minute break between sets and different muscle action durations (2-4: 2s concentric and 4s eccentric; 3-3: 3s concentric and 3s eccentric; 4-2: 4s concentric and 2s eccentric). The analysis of blood lactate concentration considered the average values per set in each protocol. The ANOVA two-way of the results showed that the main effect for protocol showed no significant difference between the three protocols (F = 0,75; p = 0,48; power = 0,48; η 2 = 0,17), as the interaction among the factors (F = 1,68; p = 0,13; power = 0,09; η 2 = 0,62). However, there was significant main effect for set (F = 320,23; p = 0,0001; power = 1,00; η 2 = 0,95). Therefore, resistance training protocols equated with different muscle actions durations shows no differences in blood lactate response and, regardless of the protocol, its concentration increased throughout the three sets performed. Keywords: Resistance training. Repetition duration. Blood lactate. IntroduçãoO lactato sanguíneo é um subproduto do sistema glicolítico anaeróbico que tem sua concentração alterada de acordo com a exigência metabólica de um exercício 1 . A concentração de lactato sanguíneo vem sendo utilizada como um parâmetro de resposta metabólica proporcionada por diferentes protocolos de treinamento de força [2][3][4] . Estudos têm associado uma elevada resposta da concentração de lactato sanguíneo com um aumento no recrutamento de unidades motoras rápidas ...
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