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Performance and meat chemical composition of quails fed with different sorghum levels instead of corn.Ciência Rural, v.46, n.5, mai, 2016.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different nutritional plans on the body temperature and organ biometrics in male and female broilers, of two ages. Here, 1,700 birds were used (850 males and 850 females) in a completely randomized design composed of five treatments (-3%, -1.5%, reference, + 1.5% and + 3%), with 10 repetitions, totaling 50 experimental units; the reference treatment based on nutritional and energy levels indicated in previous studies was calculated from this. At 35 and 42 d, the temperatures of the wing, head, shin, back, and cloaca in males and females were measured separately, and the average surface and body temperature were calculated. At 42 d, relative weights of the gizzard, liver, heart, and small intestine were calculated. The temperatures of the wings, back, and cloaca, and consequently the average surface temperature and body temperatures, were not affected by nutritional plans. Effects of increasing the nutritional and energy levels were observed on liver weights, the gizzard, and the small intestine. We conclude that the nutritional plans did not affect body temperature. Males had higher body temperatures than females. Body temperature increased with increase in age, and the increase in the nutritional plans increased liver weight and reduced the gizzard weights. Key words: Animal nutrition, body temperature, digestive system, poultry ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar a temperatura corporal e o peso relativo de órgãos em frangos de corte, machos e fêmeas, em duas idades, submetidos a diferentes planos nutricionais. Foram utilizadas 1700 aves (850 machos e 850 fêmeas) distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, composto de cinco tratamentos (-3%, -1.5%, referência, +1.5% e +3%) com 10 repetições, totalizando 50 unidades experimentais; sendo o tratamento referência baseado nos níveis nutricionais e energéticos recomendados por Rostagno et al. (2011) e os demais calculados a partir deste. Aos 35 e 42 dias de idade foram mensuradas as temperaturas da asa, cabeça, canela, dorso e da cloaca nos machos e fêmeas separadamente, e após calculou-se a temperatura superficial média e corporal. Aos 42 dias de idade também foram calculados os pesos relativos da moela, fígado, coração e intestino delgado. As temperaturas de asa, dorso e cloaca não foram afetadas pelos planos nutricionais, e consequentemente as temperaturas superficial média e corporal. Observou-se efeito do aumento dos níveis nutricionais e energéticos nos pesos do fígado, moela e do intestino delgado. Conclui-se que os planos nutricionais não influenciaram a temperatura corporal. Os machos apresentaram maior temperatura corporal que as fêmeas. A temperatura corporal se elevou conforme aumentou a idade. O aumento dos planos nutricionais aumentou o peso do fígado e reduziu o peso da moela.

No abstract

This study aimed to compare four levels of ground grain sorghum as an energy source in the diet of Japanese quails to court, evaluating the growth performance, carcass yield and cuts and the chemical composition of some cuts. In total, 1200 Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), females with a day old, were distributed according to a completely randomized design consisting of four treatments and six replicates each, as follows: 0%, 40%, 60%, sorghum 100% in the two phases (start, a growth 21 days and from 22 to 42 days of age). The variables analyzed were weight gain; feed conversion; mortality; eviscerated carcass yield and cuts (full chest-, thighs / drumsticks); chemical composition of breast and drumstick / thigh. The performance variables were submitted to the Anderson-Darling test and the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis. Variables yield and carcass composition were subjected to the Anderson-Darling test and the means were compared by Tukey test and Scott-Knott. There were no significant differences in performance variables, yield and composition of cuts. We conclude sorghum can be used as an ingredient in the nutrition of Japanese quail to cut without sacrificing performance (feed conversion, weight gain and mortality) as well as the yield of cuts (drumstick / thigh and breast) and housing and also qualitative characteristics of the cuts (drumstick / thigh and chest).