ConclusionsThis study indicated that laparoscopic techniques can be applied safely and effectively to a broad range of colonic operations. Laparoscopic-assisted colectomies take longer to perform and are more costly, but are associated with less paralytic ileus, less pain, and reduced hospital stay. Laparoscopic colectomies for the treatment of malignancy are achievable technically, but will require careful long-term study.The application of laparoscopic techniques to many return ofthe patient to normal activities. 1-7 Similar benabdominal and thoracic procedures is the direct result of efits might be anticipated with the application of laparothe success and refinement of laparoscopic biliary sur-scopic techniques for other standard intra-abdominal gery. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the and thoracic operations; however, the technical ability standard of care with many benefits, including less post-to perform a procedure with the laparoscope does not operative pain, better cosmesis, fewer pulmonary com-necessarily equate with better results. The ultimate role plications, shorter postoperative stay, and a more rapid of laparoscopic surgery will require a critical examina-732

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