This report reviews the various hormonal and non-hormonal factors involving the renal handling of calcium and magnesium and the effect of these factors on the relationship between the excretions of these divalent ions and that of sodium. Among the factors discussed are: (1) extracellular volume expansion, (2) renal vasodilatation, (3) changes in glomerular filtration rate, Parathyroid hormone (4) hypercalcemia and hypermagnesemia, (5) diuretics, (6) phosphate depletion and loading, (7) alterations in acid base balance, (8) diet, (9) fasting, (10) activity, (11) diurnal variation, and (12) various hormones including parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, vitamin D, growth hormone, thyroid hormone, and adrenal steroids.
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