Este artigo enfoca a transferência de conhecimento da infra-estrutura tecnológica para a indústria, a partir da experiência de uma incubadora de inovação - modalidade rara de incubadora que nasce dentro de uma corporação e torna-se independente. Esta experiência é aqui examinada por meio do Genius Instituto de Tecnologia, nascido a partir da Gradiente Eletrônica S/A. Optando pela estratégia de estudo de caso individual, este artigo baseia-se em evidências empíricas qualitativas coletadas através de técnicas múltiplas (entrevistas formais, reuniões casuais, observação direta e consulta à documentação) durante trabalho de campo original e detalhado. Além de expandir o conhecimento sobre o papel da inovação na estratégia empresarial, este estudo contribui para adicionar novos elementos às tipologias sobre incubadoras - incubadora de inovação - onde cabe destacar o papel central dos recursos humanos altamente qualificados e do estabelecimento de parcerias como bases de sua sustentação.
In recent years, the subject of technological infrastructures has commanded increasing interest from several socio-economic and political segments, including policy-makers, development agents, entrepreneurs, academic and research communities. The focus of industrial and innovation policies has been gradually shifting away from the exclusive or dominant use of direct instruments of support to other more indirect forms of assistance. In order to improve the competitive environment of firms, huge amounts of money have been pouring into the building and reinforcing of technological infrastructures. Among the infrastructures that have been stimulated, business incubators seem to be a possible policy tool aiming at the constant increment of firms' competitiveness and economic development, through the promotion of technology-based entrepreneurship, diversification of productive activities and the generation and diffusion of innovation in the economy. Incubators have been implemented all over the world, putting together several social actors and their different sets of purposes and objectives. As a consequence, they have also generated a high level of political and economic expectations in relation to their performance. This paper aims to contextualise and systematise the available information and knowledge on incubators as a technological infrastructure and policy tool, providing background information for the whole set of papers of this Special Issue of the International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management on 'Business incubators and SMEs: policy and determinants for their success'.
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