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Exogenous expression of hTERT, the catalytic component of telomerase, is sufficient for the immortalization of human fibroblasts but insufficient for the immortalization of human foreskin keratinocytes (HFKs) and human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs). These latter cell types can overcome senescence by coexpression of hTERT and human papillomavirus (HPV) E7 or by expression of hTERT and loss of p16 Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein that maintains telomere length during cell division.

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