Resumen Objetivo Conocer las repercusiones ocupacionales que provoca el tratamiento de hemodiálisis en personas que padecen Enfermedad Renal Crónica Terminal (ERC) y de qué manera las políticas públicas en Chile, específicamente, Garantías Explícitas de Salud (GES) abordan las necesidades de esta población. Método Se utilizaron pautas de observación ambiental, notas de campo, entrevistas semiestructuradas a usuarios, usuarias y profesionales que se desempeñan en la Unidad de Hemodiálisis del Hospital Base de Valdivia, Chile. Además, se realizó un análisis documental que incluyó guías clínicas y normas técnicas de la Unidad de Hemodiálisis. Resultados Los datos se organizaron en 5 tópicos: Unidad de hemodiálisis Hospital Base Valdivia, Proceso de cambio y adaptación, Rutinas y hábitos, Roles y Suficiencia de políticas públicas. Se evidencian quiebres en las historias ocupacionales, dificultades en el proceso de adaptación y la necesidad de un abordaje integral que no es considerado por las políticas públicas. Conclusion Se propone la necesidad de un tratamiento multidisciplinario que considere un acompañamiento en el proceso de adaptación ocupacional, en especial en etapas tempranas después del diagnóstico, a fin de prevenir el impacto en la calidad de vida de esta población, así como la necesidad de desarrollar más estudios acerca del tema.
Objective To know the occupational repercussions caused by hemodialysis treatment in people suffering from Terminal Chronic Kidney Disease and how public policies in Chile, specifically, Explicit Health Guarantees address the needs of this population. Method Environmental observation guidelines, field notes, and semi-structured interviews with users and professionals who work in the Hemodialysis Unit of the Hospital Base de Valdivia, Chile were used. In addition, a documentary analysis was carried out that included clinical guidelines and technical standards of the Hemodialysis Unit. Results The data were organized into 5 topics: Hospital Base Valdivia hemodialysis unit, Process of change and adaptation, Routines and habits, Roles and Sufficiency of public policies. Breaks in occupational histories, difficulties in the adaptation process and the need for a comprehensive approach that is not considered by public policies are evidenced. Conclusion The need for a multidisciplinary treatment is proposed that considers an accompaniment in the process of occupational adaptation, especially in the early stages after diagnosis in order to prevent the impact on the quality of life of this population, as well as the need to develop more studies on the subject.
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