Access to clean water for drinking will become a critical issue in the 21st century for humanity. Indeed, 26% of the world's population do not have access to safe drinking water managed by appropriate facilities (WHO/UNICEF, 2017). Population growth and subsequent rapid urbanisation combined with the effects of climate change, are affecting the availability of drinking water, both in terms of quantity and quality, and the forecasts are worse than the current state. These effects are particularly exacerbated when there are no facilities for treating wastewater and faeces, and/or when hygiene practices are poorly applied by the population. This results in the contamination of water with pathogenic micro-organisms, such as bacteria, viruses and protozoa, which are responsible for a long list of waterborne diseases such as cholera, typhoid fever, dysentery, protozoan infections, etc… (Pichel et al., 2019; WHO, 2022).