ResumenSe estudió el potencial de distintos residuos forestales como sustrato para el cultivo del hongo Pleurotus ostreatus. Para ello, se analizó la composición química de estos residuos, antes y después de la etapa de cosecha, y se midieron distintas variables fenológicas y morfológicas así como el rendimiento y la calidad de los cuerpos fructíferos de Pleurotus ostreatus tras la cosecha. Se fijaron cuatro tratamientos: astillas de álamo, astillas de eucalipto, mezcla de paja de trigo y eucalipto, y paja de trigo como testigo. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que todos los sustratos, principalmente paja de trigo y mezcla paja de trigo más eucalipto son aptos para el cultivo de Pleurotus ostreatus. El nivel proteico de este hongo fue elevado en todos los sustratos y la relación carbono/nitrógeno de los mismos disminuyó después de cosecha. Palabras clave: hongo ostra, residuos forestales, residuos lignocelulósicos, sustratos Use of Lignocellulosic Forest Residues for Oyster Mushroom Production (Pleurotus ostreatus) AbstractOrganic waste resulting from the forest practices, containing lignocellulosic carbon sources, was used in the production of the mushroom specie Pleurotus ostreatus. For this, the chemical composition before and after harvest were analyzed, the phenological and morphological variables were determined and yield and quality of harvested fruit bodies also determined. Four treatments were performed: chips of poplars, chips of eucalyptus, a mixture of wheat straw and eucalyptus, and wheat straw as witness. The results showed that all substrates, especially wheat straw and wheat straw with eucalyptus, are suitable for the production of Pleurotus ostreatus. This species showed a high protein level in all the studied substrates, and the ratio carbon/nitrogen decreased after harvest.
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