In the present work, the degradation of three cyanotoxins from the hepatotoxins group was investigated under laboratory-controlled experiments in water samples. Surface waters spiked with microcystin-LR (MC-LR), nodularin (NOD) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) were subjected to hydrolysis, chlorination and photo-degradation, under both sunlight (SL) and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. A total of 12 transformation products (TPs) were detected and tentatively identified by liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF MS). These comprised: 6 chlorination TPs (3 from CYN and 3 from MC-LR, 2 isomers); 4 UV TPs (all from CYN); and 2 sunlight TPs (one isomer from MC-LR and another from NOD). No TPs were observed under hydrolysis conditions. The chemical structures for all TPs were tentatively proposed based on the accurate-mass QTOF MS full-spectra. Analysis of real-world samples collected from the Peñol reservoir (Antioquia, Colombia) revealed the presence of MC-LR and CYN as well as a sunlight TP identified in the laboratory experiments. Data presented in this article will assist further research on TPs potentially formed in future tertiary degradation processes applied for the removal of organic micro-pollutants in water; as well as improving available knowledge on the toxic implications of cyanobacterial toxins TPs in surface waters.
EI río Bache ubicado en la sub-región norte del departamento del Huila, conforma un ecosistema de importancia regional por la extensión de su cuenca hidrográfica que genera un apreciable caudal, utilizado en cinco municipios, mediante el consumo directo el uso agropecuario y actividades industriales y recreativas. En el presente trabajo se analizaron aspectos de calidad de agua y composición e interacciones de la fauna acuática. El uso de la cuenca y de los causes generan aportes contaminantes sobre el rio, principalmente sobre la zona baja por vertimientos domésticos y residuos agrícolas, con alteraciones bajas y media en índices de contaminación por materia orgánica y solidos suspendidos. Los invertebrados y peces son los organismos vivos predominantes, con interacciones entre una gran variedad de consumidores que en su mayoría aprovechan partículas orgánicas finas transportadas por el agua, con aportes del agua de drenaje y producción del perifiton en el cauce. En general, la calidad ambiental puede considerarse aceptable pero existen limitaciones para algunos usos y se requiere mayor estudio y control sobre parámetros del habita y la comunidad en el ecosistema del rio.
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