The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.
La acumulación de capital humano es reconocida como uno de los principales factores de crecimiento económico de los países en el largo plazo. Una rama de esta literatura se ha centrado en demostrar la relación existente entre los mercados financieros, la desigualdad y la acumulación de capital humano. De acuerdo con Galor y Zeira (1993), la desigualdad en el ingreso tiene efectos negativos de largo plazo sobre la inversión en el capital humano y, por ende, sobre el desarrollo económico, debido a las imperfecciones en los mercados de crédito. Esta investigación verifica empíricamente el efecto conjunto de la desigualdad en el ingreso y el acceso al crédito sobre la acumulación de capital humano en Colombia. En ella, se evidencia que la desigualdad tiene efectos negativos sobre la asistencia escolar; simultáneamente, una mayor presencia del sector financiero tiene efectos positivos sobre esta variable. En cuanto al efecto conjunto, se observa que el mayor acceso al sistema financiero contrarresta parcialmente los efectos negativos de la desigualdad. Estos resultados son más fuertes en aquellos municipios con mayores grados de desigualdad en el ingreso.
The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.
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